Abstract
Sequences of empirical Lotka-like distributions of the publications of scientific areas are mapped into a multidimensional parameter space. On this basis a new definition of the notion of an epidemic phase of a discipline is introduced. A graphic representation of the parameter space along with results of an exponential regression analysis of the Lotka exponent yield an image of the inner state of a discipline and renders possible a prognosis. Examples, primarily from mathematical logic, are described in detail. The notion of a scientific elite is discussed and the hypotheses of Ortega, Merton, and Price are critically assessed.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
R. A. Fairthorne, Empirical hyperbolic distributions (Bradford-Zipf-Mandelbrot) for bibliometric description and prediction,Journal of Documentation, 25 (1969), No. 4. Repr. in:T. Saracevic (Ed.),Introduction to Information Science, R. R. Bowker, New York, 1970, 521–534.
J. R. Cole, S. Cole, The Ortega hypothesis,Science, 178 (1972) 368–375.
R. K. Merton, Changing foci of interests in the sciences and technology. In:The Sociology of Science,R. K. Merton,N. W. Storer (Ed.), University of Chicago Press, Chicago, 1973, 191–203.
D. J. de Solla Price,Little Science, Big Science, Columbia University Press, New York, 1963.
N. Rescher,Scientific Progress. A Philosophical Essay on the Economics of Research in Natural Science, Blackwell, Oxford, 1978.
S. Cole,Making Science, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1992.
G. H. Müller (Ed.), Ω-Bibliography of Mathematical Logic, Vols 1–6, Springer, Berlin, 1987.
R. Wagner-Döbler, J. Berg,Mathematische Logik von 1847 bis zur Gegenwart, Eine bibliometrische Untersuchung, de Gruyter, Berlin, 1993.
R. Wagner-Döbler, J. Berg, Regularity and irregularity in the development of scientific disciplines: the case of mathematical logic,Scientometrics, 30 (1994) 303–319.
A. J. Lotka, The frequency distribution of scientific productivity,Journal of the Washington Academy of Sciences 16 (1926) 317–323.
K. Knopp,Theorie und Anwendung der unendlichen Reihen,4. Auflage, Springer, Berlin, 1947.
M. L. Pao, Lotka's law: A testing procedure,Information Processing & Management, 21 (1985) 305–320.
B. N. Petrov, G. M. Ulanov, S. V. Ul'yanov, E. M. Khazen,Informacionno-semantičeskie problemy v processakh upravleniya i organizacii, Isdat'elstvo “Nauka”, Moskva, 1977.
N. L. Johnson, S. Kotz,Discrete Distributions, Houghton Mifflin, Boston, 1969.
A. I. Yablonsky, On fundamental regularities of the distribution of scientific productivity,Scientometrics, 2 (1980) 3–34.
P. H. Fang, J. M. Fang, A modification of Lotka's function for scientific productivity,Information Management and Processing, 31 (1995) 133–137.
W. Glänzel, A. Schubert, Price distribution, An exact formulation of Price's “Square Root Law”,Scientometrics, 7 (1985) 211–219.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Berg, J., Wagner-Döbler, R. A multidimensional analysis of scientific dynamics. Part I. Case studies of mathematical logic in the 20th century. Scientometrics 35, 321–346 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02016904
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02016904