Abstract
In growth cabinet experiments, the common phyllosphere yeastsSporobolomyces roseus andCryptococcus laurentii var.flavescens were sprayed as a mixture (1∶1) onto the fourth leaves of maize plants (Zea mays) two-three days prior to inoculation withColletotrichum graminicola. In four experiments the average yeast population of the treated leaves at the time of pathogen inoculation varied between 5× 104 and 8× 105 cells cm−2 leaf, whereas on the untreated leaves the yeast population varied from <103 to 104 cells cm−2 leaf. The yeasts reduced lesion density and necrosis fromC. graminicola infection by approximately 50%. Contrary to findings with other necrotrophic pathogens, conidial germination, superficial mycelial growth and appressorium formation were not affected. Instead, the reduction of infection could only be explained by a reduced number of penetrations from the normally formed appressoria, a site of interaction not previously recorded.
Samenvatting
In klimaatkastexperimenten werden maisbladeren (4e blad) twee-drie dagen voor inoculatie metColletotrichum graminicola bespoten met een mengsel (1∶1) van de algemeen voorkomende fyllosfeergistenSporobolomyces roseus enCryptococcus laurentii var.flavescens. In vier experimenten varieerde de gemiddelde gistpopulatie op de behandelde bladeren, op het moment van inoculatie met het pathogen, van 5× 104 tot 8× 105 cellen cm−2 blad, op de onbehandelde bladeren van <103 tot 104 cellen cm−2 blad. De gisten reduceerden de lesiedichtheid en het necrotisch bladoppervlak tengevolge van deC. graminicola infectie voor ongeveer 50%. De stadia in de ontwikkeling van andere necrotrofe pathogenen, die gewoonlijk gevoelig zijn voor antagonisme door gisten, zoals sporekieming, oppervlakkige myceliumgroei en vorming van appressoria, werden bijC. graminicola niet beïnvloed. De waargenomen reductie van infectie kon alleen verklaard worden door een remming van de penetratie vanuit normaal gevormde appressoria. Interactie in dit stadium van het infectieproces is nog niet eerder waargenomen.
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Williamson, M.A., Fokkema, N.J. Phyllosphere yeasts antagonize penetration from appressoria and subsequent infection of maize leaves by Colletotrichum graminicola. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 91, 265–276 (1985). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02000012
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02000012