Summary
Microinjections of the cholinergic agonists, carbachol and bethanechol, either into the amygdala or into the dorsal hippocampus produced sustained limbic seizures and brain damage in rats. Systemic administration of pilocarpine in rats resulted in a sequence of convulsive disorders and widespread brain damage as well. Scopolamine prevented the development of convulsive activity and brain damage produced by cholinomimetics. These results suggest that the excessive stimulation of cholinergic muscarinic receptors can lead to limbic seizures and brain damage. It is postulated that muscarinic cholinergic mechanisms are linked to the etiology of temporal lobe epilepsy and epileptic brain damage.
References
Fibiger, H. C., Brain Res. Rev.4 (1982) 327.
Storm-Mathisen, J., J. Neurochem.17 (1970) 739.
Raisman, G., Brain89 (1966) 317.
Mosko, S., Lynch, G., and Cotman, C. W., J. comp. Neurol.152 (1973) 163.
Benardo, L. S., and Prince, D. A., Brain Res.249 (1982) 315.
Schwarzkroin, P. A., and Prince, D. A., Brain Res.147 (1978) 177.
Krnjevic, K., Pumain, R., and Renaud, L., J. Physiol.215 (1971) 447.
Burchfiel, J. L., Duchowny, M. S., and Duffy, F. H., Science204 (1979) 1096.
Ben-Ari, Y., Tremblay, E., and Ottersen, O. P., Neuroscience5 (1980) 515.
Schwarcz, R., Zaczek, R., and Coyle, J. T., Eur. J. Pharmac.50 (1978) 209.
Leonard, J. P., and Salpeter, M. M., J. Cell Biol.82 (1979) 811.
Turski, W. A., Cavalheiro, E. A., Turski, L., and Kleinrok, Z., Behav. Brain Res.7 (1983) 361.
König, J. F. R., and Klippel, R. A., The rat brain. A stereotaxic atlas of the forebrain and lower parts of the brain stem. Williams and Wilkins, Baltimore 1963.
Baez, L. A., Eskridge, N. K., and Schein, R., Eur. J. Pharmac.36 (1976) 155.
Schwob, J. E., Fuller, T., Price, J. L., and Olney, J. W., Neuroscience5 (1980) 991.
Vosu, H., and Wise, R. A., Behav. Biol.13 (1975) 491.
Crowell, R. M., Wyss, F. E., Fankhauser, H., and Akert, K., Epilepsia9 (1968) 291.
Meldrum, B. S., Griffiths, T., and Evans, M., in: Protection of Tissues against Hypoxia, p. 275. Eds A. Wauquier, M. Borges and W. K. Amery, Elsevier Biomedical Press, Amsterdam 1982.
Siesjö, B. K., J. cereb. Blood Flow Metab.1 (1981) 155.
Meldrum, B. S., in: Metabolic Disorders of the Nervous System, p. 175. Ed. F. C. Rose, Pitman Medical Press, London 1981.
Evans, R. H., Neurosci. Res. Prog. Bull.19 (1981) 347.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Turski, W.A., Czuczwar, S.J., Kleinrok, Z. et al. Cholinomimetics produce seizures and brain damage in rats. Experientia 39, 1408–1411 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01990130
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01990130