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Rb-Sr geochronology of the Kulu-Mandi Belt: Its implications for the Himalayan Tectogenesis

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Zusammenfassung

Rb-Sr-Altersbestimmungen des Kulu-Mandi-Gürtels zeigen, daß der Himalaya nicht als Ergebnis einer Oberkreide/Tertiär-Orogenese angesehen werden kann. Granitische Gesteine, die etwa 500 bis 600 Millionen Jahre alt sind, gibt es im unteren und im zentralen Himalaya. Sie entstanden während der assyntischen Orogenese als eine „Protoform“ der zentralen kristallinen Achse. Geosynklinaler basischer Magmatismus ist mehr als 600 Millionen Jahre alt. Es gibt genug geologische sowie geochronologische Beweise für eine hercynische Epirogenese. Alter von 10 bis 75 Millionen Jahren (Rb-Sr und K-Ar) deuten den Einfluß der Himalaya-Orogenese an. Diese Ergebnisse haben große Bedeutung für die Tektogenese des Himalaya. Die Unterschiebung (underthrusting) des indischen Subkontinentes (Indian Peninsular Shield) unter die Tethys wurde durch kontinentale Bewegungen der Oberkreide/Tertiär-Periode verursacht.

Abstract

The Rb-Sr geochronology of the Kulu-Mandi Belt brings to light the significant fact that the Himalaya can not be regarded as outcome of a single Upper Cretaceous — Tertiary Himalayan Orogeny. Granitic rocks as old as 500 to 600 m.y. exist in the Lesser and Central Himalaya of this belt. They were formed during the Assyntian Orogenic cycle when a ‘protoform’ of the Central Crystalline Axis was developed. Geosynclinal basic magmatism is more than 600 m.y. old. There is ample geological and geochronological evidence for the Hercynian Epeirogeny. The 10 to 75 m.y. Rb-Sr and K-Ar mineral dates indicate the effect of the Himalayan Orogeny. These results have far reaching implications for tectogenesis of the Himalaya all of which cannot be attributed to the Himalayan Orogeny, underthrusting of the Indian Peninsular Shield below Tethys and continental movements of the Upper Cretaceous — Tertiary times.

Résumé

La géochronologie Rb-Sr de la Kulu-Mandi Belt met en lumière ce fait significatif qu'on ne peut pas considérer l'Himalaya comme résultant d'une seule orogénie Crétacé supérieur — Tertiaire. Des roches granitiques de 500–600 M.a. existent dans l'Himalaya inférieur et central. Elles se sont formées pendant l'orogenèse assyntienne comme une »Protoforme« de l'Axe Crystallin Central. Le magmatisme géosynclinal basique date de plus de 600 M.a. Il y a suffisamment de preuves géologiques et géochronologiques pour une épeirogénie hercynienne. Des âges de 10 à 75 M.a. (Rb-Sr et K-Ar) indiquent l'influence de l'Orogénie himalayenne. Ces données ont une grande signification dans la tectogenèse de l'Himalaya. Le sous-charriage de la Péninsule indienne sous le Tethys a été causé par des mouvements continentaux d'âge Crétacé supérieur — Tertiaire.

Краткое содержание

С помощью метода руби дия/стронция определ или возраст пород поясов Кулу-Манди и установи ли, что Гималаи не явля ются следствием горообра зовательных процессов в верхнем м еле-третичном период е. В Центральных и нижних Гималаях сущ ествуют гранитные по роды с возрастом в 500–600 миллионов лет. Они обр азовались во время ассинтического орог енеза в виде «протоформы» центра льной кристаллическ ой оси. Базический магматиз м геосинклинали имеет возраст более 600 миллио нов лет. Собрано достаточно геологических и геох ронологических данн ых о эпирогенезе герцинс кого возраста. Возраст в 10 до 75 миллион ов лет — по методам рубидия-стронция и калия-аргона — указы вает на влияние гимал айского орогенеза на них. Эти выводы очень важн ы для понимания течен ия тектогенеза Гималае в. При движениях матери ков в верхнем меле-тре тичном периоде индийский субматерик пододвин улся под Тетис.

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Mehta, P.K. Rb-Sr geochronology of the Kulu-Mandi Belt: Its implications for the Himalayan Tectogenesis. Geol Rundsch 66, 156–175 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01989570

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