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At what ‘infant-age’ can levonorgestrel contraceptives be recommended to nursing mothers?

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Advances in Contraception

Abstract

Objective

Levonorgestrel (LNG), a low-dose progestin, does not affect lactation but like all drugs taken by breastfeeding mothers, it can be transferred to the infant via breast milk. How infants of various ages cope with this unwanted maternal drug would help in deciding when to recommend this method of contraception to breastfeeding mothers.

Methods

The study was conducted in 30 exclusively breastfeeding mothers and their 4-, 12- and 24-week-old infants. The mothers daily received 30 μg LNG over a five-week period, thus exposing their infants to maternal LNG for that period.

Results

Four-week-old infants could neither absorb nor metabolize LNG efficiently. Twelve-week-old infants could metabolize LNG more efficiently than absorb. Twenty-four-week-old infants could do both efficiently.

Conclusion

It is safe to introduce LNG to breastfeeding mothers at 12 weeks postpartum.

Resumé

Objectif

Le lévonorgestrel (LNG), à faible dose de progestine, n'a pas d'effet sur la lactation mais, comme tous les médicaments que prennent les femmes qui allètent, il peut être transmis au nourrisson dans le lait de la mère. Savoir comment les enfants de différents âges assimilent ce produit indésirable qu'ils ingèrent par le lait maternel permettrait de décider à quel moment on peut recommander cette méthode de contraception aux femmes durant la lactation.

Méthode

Cette étude a porté sur 30 femmes qui nourrissaient exclusivement au lait maternel leurs enfants de 4, 12 et 24 semaines. On a administré aux mères, pendant 5 semaines, des doses journalières de 30 μg de LNG, exposant ainsi l'enfant au médicament durant cette période.

Résultats

Les enfants de 4 semaines ne pouvaient ni absorber ni métaboliser efficacement le LNG. Ceux de 12 semaines pouvaient le métaboliser plus efficacement que l'absorber. Ceux de 24 semaines pouvaient et le métaboliser et l'absorber efficacement.

Conclusion

Le LNG peut être recommandé sans risque, 12 semaines après l'accouchement, aux mères qui allaitent leurs nourrissons.

Resumen

Objetivo

El levonorgestrel (LNG), progestina de dosis baja, no afecta la lactación pero, como todas las drogas administradas a madres lactantes, puede ser transferida al bebé a través de la leche materna. El modo en que los bebés de diversas edades manejan esta droga materna no deseada ayudaría a decidir cuándo recomendar este método anticonceptivo a madres lactantes.

Métodos

Este estudio se realizó con 30 madres exclusivamente lactantes y sus bebés de 4, 12 y 24 semanas de vida. Las madres recibieron diariamente 30 μg de LNG durante un período de cinco semanas, exponiendo así a sus hijos a LNG materno durante dicho período.

Resultados

Los bebés de 4 semanas no podían absorber ni metabolizar el LNG eficientemente. Los bebés de 12 semanas podían metabolizar el LNG más eficientemente que absorberlo. Los bebés de 24 semanas podían metabolizarlo y absorberlo eficientemente.

Conclusión

La administración de LNG a madres lactantes a las 12 semanas del posparto no representa problemas.

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Patel, S.B., Toddywalla, V.S., Betrabet, S.S. et al. At what ‘infant-age’ can levonorgestrel contraceptives be recommended to nursing mothers?. Adv Contracept 10, 249–255 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01984121

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01984121

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