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Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani on potatoes by antagonists. 5. The effectiveness of three isolates of verticillium biguttatum as inoculum for seed tubers and of a soil treatment with a low dosage of pencycuron

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Abstract

In field experiments in 1983, inoculation of seed tubers with three isolates ofVerticillium biguttatum, separately or mixed, was successful in reducing the amount of sclerotia ofRhizoctonia solani formed on new tubers. In holocene marine soils the sclerotium index (s.i.) was on average 50% of that of the harvest from untreated tubers.

In two slightly acid pleistocene sands an additional soil treatment with pencycuron at 20% of the recommended dosage improved the results of seed tuber inoculation in one soil (further reduction of the s.i. from 60 to 32%), but not in the other (reduction to 55%). The three isolates ofV. biguttatum used in these experiments did not differ in their efficacy to suppressR. solani.

Lowering the number of spores in the inoculum fluid to 20% of the initial density (6×105 per ml instead of 3×106 did not influence the results.

Samenvatting

Het beënten van voorgekiemde pootaardappelen met drie isolaten vanVerticillium biguttatum, elk apart of als mengsel, bleek in veldproeven in 1983 gunstige resultaten te geven: de hoeveelheid lakschurft gevormd op nieuwe knollen was duidelijk minder dan in de onbehandelde controle. In zavelgronden werd de sclerotiumindex (maat voor de hoeveelheid lakschurft) gemiddeld teruggebracht tot de helft van de hoeveelheid die voorkwam op de oogst uit onbehandelde, niet ontsmette, poters.

In twee licht zure zandgronden werd een aanvullende grondbehandeling gegeven (volvelds) met pencycuron in een concentratie die 20% was van de aanbevolen dosering. In één grond werden de resultaten van de enting hierdoor verbeterd en trad een verdere reductie van de sclerotiumindex op van 60% (met alleenV. biguttatum) tot 30%. In de andere grond bleef de reductie beperkt tot het niveau van 55%. De dosering was hier waarschijnlijk te laag.

Het effect van enting metV. biguttatum op het verlagen van de hoeveelheid sclerotiën op de jonge knollen bleek minstens even goed als een chemische ontsmetting van het pootgoed en in de meeste gevallen zelfs beter.

De drie isolaten vanV. biguttatum die in deze proeven gebruikt werden waren statistisch niet verschillend in hun vermogenR. solani terug te dringen. Evenmin was een verlaging van de sporendichtheid in de entvloeistof tot 20% (6×105 sporen ml−1) van de oorspronkelijk gebruikte dichtheid van invloed op de resultaten.

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Jager, G., Velvis, H. Biological control of Rhizoctonia solani on potatoes by antagonists. 5. The effectiveness of three isolates of verticillium biguttatum as inoculum for seed tubers and of a soil treatment with a low dosage of pencycuron. Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology 92, 231–238 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01977689

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