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Transgenesis in mice by cytoplasmic injection of polylysine/DNA mixtures

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Abstract

Pronuclear injection is currently the most often used method to make transgenic animals, but in some animal species it is temporally restrictive due to difficulty in visualizing pronuclei. However, the injection of construct DNA into the cytoplasm does not result in transgenesis. The production of transgenic mice by a cytoplasmic microinjection technique of polylysine complexed DNA into pronuclear stage zygotes is described. Transgenic mice were produced from cytoplasmic microinjection of mixtures of a 5.3 kb linearized DNA and poly-l-lysine (degree of polymerization=51). Effects on transgenic frequency of both the lysine to phosphate ratio of polylysine to DNA and DNA concentration were studied. About 12.8% of the pups born from zygotes cytoplasmically microinjected with a polylysine/DNA mixture having a lysine to phosphate ratio (L:P) of 1∶1 microinjection positive control of DNA alone was 21.7%. No transgenic pups were born from microinjection of DNA alone into the cytoplasm. Complexes of polylysine/DNA were detected using agarose gel electrophoresis at the conditions which produced transgenic mice. The presence of polylysine with construct DNA altered thein vitro activities of restriction endonuclease and DNA ligase on the construct DNA. The production of transgenic animals using DNA and polylysine in the absence of any other signal protein suggests that a DNA/polylysine complex but not DNA alone can act as a substrate for transgenesis from the cytoplasm.

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Author notes

  1. Raymond L. Page

    Present address: PPL Therapeutics Inc., Virginia Polytechnic Institute Research Park, 24060, Blacksburg, CA, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Chemical Enginnering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 24061, Blacksburg, VA, USA

    Raymond L. Page, Stephen P. Butler, Anuradha Subramanian & William H. Velander

  2. Department of Dairy Science, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 24061, Blacksburg, VA, USA

    Francis C. Gwazdauskas

  3. Department of Biochemistry and Anaerobic Microbiology, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 24061, Blacksburg, VA, USA

    John L. Johnson

Authors
  1. Raymond L. Page
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  2. Stephen P. Butler
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  3. Anuradha Subramanian
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  4. Francis C. Gwazdauskas
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  5. John L. Johnson
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  6. William H. Velander
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Page, R.L., Butler, S.P., Subramanian, A. et al. Transgenesis in mice by cytoplasmic injection of polylysine/DNA mixtures. Transgenic Research 4, 353–360 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01973753

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01973753

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