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Image registration for pressure-sensitive paint applications

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Abstract

Pressure-sensitive paint (PSP) data are generally derived by ratioing two images of a PSP-coated wind tunnel model. One image is taken at a known “wind-off” reference pressure while the other is taken at the test condition, in order to factor out the effects of nonuniform illumination and paint thickness. However, airloads on the model cause it to move during testing with respect to both the camera and the illumination source used to excite the P & P. Thus, the raw PSP images must be aligned, or registered, by means of a spatial transform. Once a proper ratioed image is obtained, image coordinates must be related to model coordinates so that pressure data can be obtained at the desired points on the model. This article compares several transforms used for image registration, and demonstrates the use of the projective equation of photogrammetry to relate model to image coordinates. An application in a small-scale wind tunnel test is shown, demonstrating mapping of pressure data to the three-dimensional model surface.

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Abbreviations

a, b, c :

registration transform coefficients

A, B :

paint sensitivity coefficients

C p :

pressure coefficient

d :

half-distance between lamps

f :

camera focal length

I :

luminescence intensity, wind-on

I 0 :

luminescence intensity, wind-off

l :

lateral distance between points on a model

L 1 ...L 11 :

direct linear transform coefficients

m ij :

elements of the 3 × 3 orthogonal rotation matrix

M :

freestream Mach number

p :

surface pressure, wind-on

p 0 :

surface pressure, wind-off

r :

perpendicular distance from lamp to model

x, y :

coordinates of a point in the image plane

x p, yp :

image plane coordinates of the principal point

X, Y, Z :

three-dimensional coordinates of a point in space

X c, Yc,Z c :

three-dimensional coordinates of the camera perspective center

α:

geometric angle of attack, deg.

δ:

relative intensity change due to model motion

Δ x , δ y :

systematic errors in the image plane coordinates

ε r , ε l , θ:

model motion alongr andl, respectively, and model rotation

ω, ϕ, κ:

angles defining camera orientation

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Design Cycle Technologies Branch, NASA Ames Research Center, Mail Stop 227-2, 94035-1000, Moffett Field, CA, USA

    J. H. Bell & B. G. McLachlan

Authors
  1. J. H. Bell
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  2. B. G. McLachlan
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Additional information

Han Park was responsible for the original data reduction software, and much of the “look and feel” of the final product. Joel Mendoza provided the XB-70A model used in this study.

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Bell, J.H., McLachlan, B.G. Image registration for pressure-sensitive paint applications. Experiments in Fluids 22, 78–86 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01893308

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01893308

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