Summary
Physiological studies led to devise models of epithelial cells in which the membrane does not have its molecules distributed homogeneously, but polarized towards the apical or towards the basolateral regions. For a while, it was assumed that the TJ, acting as a fence between the two regions, would be responsible for this asymmetry. However, today the information available indicates not only that polarization may proceed independently of the TJ, but that this structure itself may attain its precise location due to a polarization process. Nevertheless, TJs may play a role in restricting to the apical or to the basolateral region those molecules that are free to diffuse in the plane of the cell membrane (e.g., lipids and protein that are not attached to cytoplasmic or extracellular structures).
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aiton, J.F., Brown, C.D.A., Ogden, P., Simmons, N.L. 1982.J. Membrane Biol. 65:99–109
Amsler, K., Cook, J.S. 1982.Am. J. Physiol. 242:C94-C101
Balcarova-Stander, J., Pfeiffer, S.E., Fuller, S.D., Simmon, K. 1984.EMBO J. 3:2687–2694
Barriere, H., Chambard, M., Mauchamp, J., Gabrion, J., Nguyen Than Dao, B., Mercier, B., Depetris, D. 1986.Biol. Cell 57:39–52
Barriere, H., Chambard, M., Selzner, J. P., Mauchamp, J., Gabrion, J. 1988.Biol. Cell 62:133–144
Bartles, J.R., Feracci, H.M., Stieger, B., Hubbard, A.L. 1987.J. Cell Biol. 105:1241–1252
Bentzel, C.J., Hainau, E., Ho, S., Hui, S.W., Edelman, A., Anagnostopoulos, T., Benedetti, E.L. 1980.Am. J. Physiol. 239:C75-C89
Blitzer, B.L., Boyer, J.L. 1978.J. Clin. Invest. 62:1104–1108
Bonnet, R. 1895.Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr. 21:58–65
Boulpaep, E.L. 1971.In: Electrophysiology of Epithelial Cells. F.K. Schattner, editor. pp. 91–118. Springer-Verlag, Berlin
Boulpaep, E.L., Seely, J.F. 1971.Am. J. Physiol. 221:1084–1096
Brandtzaeg, P. 1974.J. Immunology 112:1553–1559
Brown, D., Hirsch, S., Gluck, S. 1988.Nature (London) 331:622–624
Bullivant, S. 1978.In: 9th International Congress on Electron Microscopy, Toronto, pp. 659–672
Bundgaar, M., Moller, M., Hedemark-Poulsen, J. 1981.J. Physiol. (London) 313:405–414
Caplan, M.J., Anderson, H.C., Palade, G.E., Jamieson, J.D. 1986.Cell 46:623–631
Cereijido, M., Contreras, R. G., Gonzalez-Mariscal, L. 1988.Annu. Rev. Physiol. 51:785–795
Cereijido, M., Ehrenfeld, J., Meza, I., Martinez-Palomo, A. 1980.J. Membrane Biol. 52:147–159
Cereijido, M., Gonzalez-Mariscal, L., Avila, G., Contreras, R.G. 1988.CRC Crit. Rev. 1:171–192
Cereijido, M., Gonzalez-Mariscal, L., Contreras, R.G. 1989.NIPS 4:72–75
Cereijido, M., Meza, I., Martinez-Palomo, A. 1981.Am. J. Physiol. 240:C96-C102
Cereijido, M., Robbins, E.S., Dolan, W.J., Rotunno, C.A., Sabatini, D.D. 1978a.J. Cell. Biol. 77:853–880
Cereijido, M., Rotunno, C.A., Robbins, E.S., Sabatini, D.D. 1978b.In: Membrane Transport Processes. J.F. Hoffman, editor. pp. 433–461. Raven, New York
Cereijido, M., Stefani, E., Chávez de Ramírez, B. 1982.J. Membrane Biol. 70, 15–25
Chalcroft, J.P., Bullivant, D. 1970.J. Cell Biol. 47:49–60
Chambard, M., Barriere, B., Gabrion, J., Mauchamp, J. 1984.Biol. Cell 51:315–325
Chambard, M.J., Barriere, B., Gabrion, J., Mauchamp, J. 1981.J. Cell Biol. 9:157–167
Citi, S., Sabanay, H., Jakes, H., Geiger, B., Kendrick-Jones, J. 1988.nature (London) 333:272–276
Contreras, R.G., Avila, G., Gutierrez, C., Bolivar, J.J., González-Mariscal, L., Rodríguez-Boulán, E., Cereijido, M. 1989.Am. J. Physiol. (submitted)
Desnuelle, P. 1979.Eur. J. Biochem. 101:1–11
Diamond, J. 1962.J. Physiol. (London) 161:442–473
Diamond, J.M. 1974.Fed. Proc. 33:2220–2224
DiBona, D.R., Civan, M.M. 1973.J. Membrane Biol. 12:101–128
Dragsten, P.R., Blumenthal, R., Handler, J.S. 1981.Nature (London) 294:718–722
Farquhar, M.G., Palade, G.E. 1963.J. Cell Biol. 17:375–412
Frömter, E., Diamond, J.M. 1972.J. Membrane Biol. 8:259–301
Frye, L.D., Edidin, M. 1970.J. Cell Sci. 7:319–335
Fujita, M., Kawai, K., Asano, S., Nakao, N. 1973.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 307:141–151
Fuller, S.D., Simons, K. 1986.J. Cell Biol. 103:1767–1779
Galeotti, G. 1904.Z. Phys. Chem. 49:542–553
Galeotti, G. 1907.Z. Allg. Physiol. 6:99–108
Galli, P., Brenna, A., De Camilli, P., Meldolesi, J. 1976.Exp. Cell Res. 99:178–183
Gmaj, P., Murer, H., Kinne, K. 1979.Biochem. J. 178:253–256
González-Mariscal, L., Chávez de Ramírez, B., Cereijido, M. 1985:J. Membrane Biol. 86:113–125
Gumbiner, B. 1987.Am. J. Physiol. 253:C749-C758
Gumbiner, B., Simons, K. 1986.Cell Biol. 102:457–468
Gumbiner, B., Stevenson, B., Grimaldi, A. 1988.J. Cell Biol. 107:1575–1588
Hauri, H.P., Quaroni, A., Isselbacher, K.J. 1979.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 76:5183–5186
Helman, S.L., Grantham, J.J., Burg, M.B. 1971.Am. J. Physiol. 220:1825
Hirokawa, N. 1982.J. Ultrastruc. Res. 80:288–301
Hoi Sang, U., Saier, M.H., Ellisman, M.H. 1979.Exp. Cell Res. 122:384–392
Hopsu-Havu, V.K., Rintala, P., Glenner, G.G. 1968.Acta Chem. Scand. 22:299–308
Imhoff, B.A., Vollmers, H.P., Goodman, S.L., Birchmeier, W. 1983.J. Cell Biol. 35:667–675
Inoue, M., Kinne, R., Tran, T., Blempica, L., Arias, I.M. 1983.J. Biol. Chem. 258:5183–5188
Kachar, B., Reese, T. 1982.Nature (London) 296:64–66
Kaye, G.L., Wheeler, H.O., Whitlock, R.T., Lane, N. 1966.J. Cell Biol. 30:237–268
Kerjaschki, D., Noronha-Blob, L., Sacktor, B., Farquhar, M.G. 1984.J. Cell Biol. 98:1505–1513
Kinne, R., Murer, H., Kinne-Saffran, E., Thees, J., Sach, G. 1975.J. Membrane Biol. 21:375–395
Koefoed-Johnson, V., Ussing, H.H. 1958.Acta Physiol. Scand. 42:298–308
Kurnik, B.R.C., Huskey, M., Hruska, K.A. 1987.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 917:81–85
Lamb, J.F., Ogden, P., Simmons, N.L. 1981.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 644:333–340
LeGrimellec, C., Friedlander, G., Giocondi, M.C. 1988.NIPS 3:227–229
Le Grimellec, C., Friedlander, G., Giocondi, M.C. 1988b.Am. J. Physiol. 255:F22-F32
Le Grimellec, C. Giocondi, M.C., Carriere, B., Carriere, S., Cardinal, J. 1982.Am. J. Physiol. 242:F246-F253
Le Grimellec, C., Giocondi, M.C., Carriere, B., Carriere, S., Cardinal, J. 1988.Am. J. Physiol. 255:F22-F32
Lewis, S.A. Eaton, D.C., Diamond, J.M. 1976.J. Membrane Biol. 28:41–50
Lisanti, M.P., Sargiacomo, M., Graeve, L., Saltiel, A.R., Rodríguez-Boulán, E. 1988.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:9557–9561
Louvard, D. 1980.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:4132–4136
Low, M.G., Saltiel, A.R. 1988.Science 239:268–275
Machamer, C.E., Rose, J.K., 1987.J. Cell Biol. 105:1205–1214
Madara, J.L. 1987.Am. J. Physiol. 253:C171-C175
Madara, J.L., Barenberg, D., Carlson, S. 1986.J. Cell Biol. 102:2125–2136
Madara, J.L., Pappenheimer, J.R. 1987.J. Membrane Biol. 100:149–164
Maratje, G.V., Nash, B., Haschemeyer, R.H., Tate, S.S. 1979.FEBS Lett. 107:436–440
Martinez-Palomo, A., Erlij, D. 1973.Pfluegers Arch. 343:267–272
Massey, D., Feracci, H., Gorvel, J.P., Rigal, A., Soulie, J.M., Maroux, S. 1987.J. Membrane Biol. 96:19–25
Matlin, K., Simons, K. 1984.J. Cell Biol. 88:2131–2139
Matlin, K.S. 1986.J. Cell Biol. 103:2565–2568
Matlin, K.S., Bainton, D., Pesonen, M., Genty, N., Louvard, D., Simons, K. 1983.J. Cell Biol. 97:627–637
Matsuura, S., Nakada, H., Sawamura, T., Tashino, Y., 1982.J. Cell Biol. 95:864–875
Maurice, M., Rogier, E., Cassio, D., Feldmann, G. 1988.J. Cell Sci. 90:79–92
McNutt, N.S. 1977.In: Dynamic Aspects of Cell Surface Organization. G. Poste and G.L. Nicolson, editors, pp. 75–126. North Holland, New York
McQueen, N., Nayak, D.P., Stephens, E.B., Compans, R.W. 1986.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 83:9318–9322
Meier, P.J., Sztul, E.S., Reuben, A., Boyer, J.L. 1984.J. Cell Biol. 98:991–1000
Meldolesi, J., Castiglioni, G., Parma, R., Nassivera, N., De-Camilli, P. 1978.J. Cell Biol. 79:156–172
Meyer, H.W. 1983.Naturwissenschaften 70:251–252
Meza, I., Ibarra, G., Sabanero, M., Martinez-Palomo, A., Cereijido, M. 1980.J. Cell Biol. 87:746–754
Meza, I., Sabanero, M., Stefani, E., Cereijido, M. 1982.J. Cell Biochem. 18:407–421
Mills, J.W., Ernst, S.A. 1975.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 375:268–273
Mills, J.W., Ernst, S.A., Di Bona, D.R. 1977.J. Cell Biol. 73:88–110
Misek, D.E., Bard, E., Rodríguez-Boulán, E. 1984.Cell 39:537–546
Molitoris, B.A., Alfrey, A.C., Harris, R.A., Simon, F.R. 1985.Am. J. Physiol. 249:F12-F19
Moreno, J.H., Diamond, J.M. 1974.J. Membrane Biol. 15:277–318
Mostov, K.E., Kraehenbuhl, J.P., Blobel, G. 1980.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 77:7257–7261
Mullin, J.M., Kleinzeller, A. 1985.In: Tisue Culture of epithelial cells. M. Taub, editor, pp. 71–86. Plenum, New York
Mullin, J.M., Weibek, J., Diamond, L., Kleinzeller, A. 1980.J. Cell. Physiol. 104:375–389
Munck, B.G. 1981.In: Physiology of the Gastrointestinal Tranct. R.H. Johnson, editor. pp. 1097–1122. Raven, New York
Munck, B.G., Schultz, S.G. 1969.J. Gen. Physiol. 153:157–182
Munro, S., Pelham, H.R. 1987.Cell 48:899–907
Nelson, W.J., Veshnock, P.J. 1986.J. Cell Biol. 103:1751–1766
Nelson, W.J., Veshnock, P.J. 1987.Nature (London) 328:533–536
Nichols, G.E., Shiraishi, T., Allietta, M., Tillack, T.W., Young, W.W. Jr. 1987.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 930:154–166
Nichols, G.E., Shiraishi, T., Young, W.W. 1988.J. Lipid Research 29:1205–1213
Nitsch, L., Wollman, S.H. 1980.J. Cell Biol. 86:875–880
Ojakian, G.K., Schwimmer, R. 1988.J. Cell Biol. 107:2377–2387
O'Neil, R.G., Boulpaep, E.L. 1979.J. Membrane Biol. 50:365–387
Paabo, S., Bhat, B.M., Wold, W.S.M., Peterson, P.A. 1987.Cell 50:311–317
Pappenheimer, J.R. 1987.J. Membrane Biol. 100:137–148
Pappenheimer, J.R., Reiss, K.Z. 1987.J. Membrane Biol. 100:123–136
Parr, E.L. 1979.Transplantation 27:45–50
Parr, E.L., Kirby, W.N. 1979.J. Histochem. Cytochem. 27:1327–1336
Patzak, A., Winkler, H. 1986.J. Cell Biol. 102:510–515
Pesonen, M., Simons, K. 1983.J. Cell Biol. 97:638–643
Pinto da Silva, P., Kachar, B. 1982.Cell 28:441–450
Pfeiffer, S., Fuller, S.D., Simons, K. 1985.J. Cell Biol. 101:470–476
Pfeiffer, S.R., Rothman, J.E. 1987.Annu. Rev. Biochem. 56:829–852
Poupon, R.E., Evans, W.H. 1979.FEBS Lett. 108:374–378
Quinton, P.M., Tormey, J.M. 1973.J. Membrane Biol. 29:383–399
Rabito, C.A. 1981.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 649:286–296
Rabito, C.A., Ausiello, D.A. 1980.J. Membrane Biol. 54:31–38
Rabito, C.A., Karish, M.V.1982.J. Biol. Chem. 257:6802–6808
Rabito, C.A., Karich, M.V. 1983.J. Biol. Chem. 258:2543–2547
Reese, T.S., Karnovsky, M.J. 1967.J. Cell Biol. 34:207–217
Reik, L., Petzold, G.L., Higgins, J.A., Greengard, P., Barrnett, R.J. 1970.Science 168:382–384
Reuss, L. 1979.Fed. Proc. 38:2733–2738
Rindler, M.J., Ivanov, I.E., Plesken, H., Sabatini, D.D. 1985.J. Cell Biol. 100:136–151
Rindler, M.J., Ivanov, I.E., Sabatini, D.D. 1987.J. Cell Biol. 104:231–252
Rodríguez-Boulán, E. 1983.In: Modern Cell Biology. B. Satir, editor. pp. 119–170. Alan Liss, New York
Rodríguez-Boulán, E., Paskiet, K., Salas, P.J.I., Bard, E. 1984.J. Cell Biol. 98:308–319
Rodríguez-Boulán, E.J., Pendergast, M. 1980.Cell 20:45–54
Roman, L.M., Hubbard, A.L. 1984a.J. Cell Biol. 98:1488–1496
Roman, L.M., Hubbard, A.L. 1984b.J. Cell Biol. 98:1497–1504
Roth, M.G., Gundersen, D., Patil, N., Rodriguez-Boulan, E. 1987.J. Cell Biol. 104:769–782
Salas, P.J.I., Misek, D.E., Vega-Salas, D.E., Gundersen, D., Cereijido, M., Rodríguez-Boulán E. 1986.J. Cell Biol. 102:1853–1867
Salas, P.J.I., Vega-Salas, D.E., Hochman, J., Rodríguez-Boulán, E., Edidin, M. 1988.J. Cell Biol. 107:2363–2376
Salas, P.J.I., Vega-Salas, D.E., Misek, D., Rodríguez-Boulán, E. 1985.Pfluegers Arch. 405:s152-s157
Schneeberger, E.E., Lynch, R.D. 1984.Circ. Res. 55:723–733
Schwartz, G.J., Barasch, J., Al-Awqati, Q. 1985.Nature (London) 318:368–371
Schwartz, I.L., Shlatz, L.J., Kinne-Saffran, E., Kinne, R. 1974.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 71:2595–2599
Sedar, A.W., Forte, J.G. 1964.J. Cell Biol. 22:173–188
Shaver, J.F., Stirling, C. 1978.J. Cell Biol. 76:278–292
Simons, K., Fuller, S.D. 1985.Annu. Rev. Cell Biol. 1:243–288
Spiegel, S., Blumenthal, R., Fishman, P.H., Handler, J.S. 1985.Biochim. Biophys. Acta 821:310–318
Staehelin, L.A. 1974.Int. Rev. Cytol. 39:191–283
Stevenson, B.R., Anderson, J.M., Bullivan, S. 1988.Mol. Cell. Biochem. 83:129–145
Stevenson, B.R., Goodenough, D.A. 1984.J. Cell Biol. 98:1209–1221
Stevenson, B.R., Siliciano, J.D., Mooseker, M.S., Goodenough, D.A. 1986.J. Cell Biol. 103:755–766
Sutherland, E., Dixon, B.S., Leffert, H.L., Skally, H., Zaccaro, L., Simon, F.R. 1988.Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85:8673–8677
Taylor, Z., Emmanoeul, D.S., Katz, A.I. 1982.J. Clin. Invest. 69:1136–1146
van Meer, G., Simons, K. 1982.EMBO J. 1:847–852
van Meer, G., Simons, K. 1986.EMBO J. 5:1455–1464
Vega-Salas, D.E., Salas, P.J.I., Rodríguez-Boulán, E. 1987.J. Cell Biol. 104:905–916
Vega-Salas, D.E., Salas, P.J.I., Rodríguez-Boulán, E. 1988.J. Cell Biol. 107:1717–1728
Volk, T., Geiger, B. 1986.J. Cell Biol. 103:1451–1464
Wade, J.B., Karnovsky, M.J. 1974.J. Cell Biol. 62:344–350
Weibel, E.R. 1976. 6th European Congress of Electron Microscopy, Jerusalem. pp. 6–9
Whittembury, G., Rawlins, F.A. 1971.Pfluegers Arch. 330:302–309
Wolfram, S., Giering, H., Scharrer, E. 1984.Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 78A:475–480
Wright, E.M. 1970.Brain Res. 23:302–304
Wright, E.M. 1972.J. Physiol. (London) 226:545–571
Wright, E.M., Barry, P.H., Diamond, J. 1971.J. Membrane Biol. 4:331–357
Yoneyama, Y., Lever, J.E. 1984.J. Cell Physiol. 121:64–73
Yoneyama, Y., Lever, J.E. 1987.J. Cell Physiol. 131:330–341
Zimmerman, K.W. 1911.Arch. Mikr. Anat. 78:199–214
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Cereijido, M., Ponce, A. & Gonzalez-Mariscal, L. Tight junctions and apical/basolateral polarity. J. Membrain Biol. 110, 1–9 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01870987
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01870987