Summary
In contrast to the zoological definition that wolf and dog belong to different species, it is shown by this study that in terms of immunology both species appear to be even closer related than DL-A compatible and MLC negative unrelated dogs. However, this close relationship is not expressed in DL-A or MLC tissue typing. Wolf skin-graft survival time in untreated dogs was 12,5, in AlG-treated dogs 85,6 days. The survival time in this system may be less dependent on DL-A or MLC histocompatibility than on other genetic systems, which are hitherto not sufficiently defined. An accidental, speciesspecific accordance in these systems may explain the obviously weak histocompatibility barrier between wolf and dog. It is concluded that in certain species-combinations xenotransplantation could be more successful than random allotransplantation. The availability of a xenogeneic species related to man similar as wolf to dog would markedly facilitate clinical xenotransplantation.
Zusammenfassung
Das zoologisch als xenogen bezeichnete System Wolf-Hund ist nach immunologischen Kriterien näher verwandt als DL-A-kompatible und MLC-negative unverwandte Hunde. Unbehandelte Hauttransplantate wurden nach 12,5 Tagen (Allotransplantate verwandter Hunde nach 9,1 Tagen) abgestoßen. Immunsuppression mit ALG verlängert diese Überlebenszeit erheblich auf 85,6, im Einzelfall über 200 Tage. Es liegt hier eine Spender-Empfänger-Kombination vor, deren schwache Histoinkompatibilität durch MLC und DL-A nicht zum Ausdruck kommt. Vermutlich ist sie durch andere genetische Systeme bedingt, die heute noch nicht zu bestimmen sind. Es konnte jedenfalls gezeigt werden, daß Transplantationen zwischen unterschiedlichen Spezies sogar mit besserem Erfolg als bei nicht verwandten Allotransplantaten möglich sind. Ziel der weiteren Forschung muß es sein, ein solches System auch für die menschliche Transplantation zu finden. Damit wären klinische Xenotransplantationen in größerem Ausmaß als bisher möglich.
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Duswald, K.H., v. Scheel, J., Hammer, C. et al. Langzeitüberleben von Hauttransplantaten im xenogenen System Wolf-Hund. Res. Exp. Med. 167, 255–266 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01851649
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01851649