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Pregnancy after IUD use

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Advances in Contraception

Abstract

Much has been written about the risks of PID to IUD users, but very little about the subsequent fertility status of these patients. Is tubal infertility increased in an IUD user who has been asymptomatic? Does the addition of copper make the device harmless? Was the Dalkon Shield so harmful in the nulliparous woman? Our study (89 and 90% follow-up after 12–14 years) of 200 Dalkon Shield and 142 TCu-200 users allows us to answer ‘No’ to the three previous questions. We conclude that wearing an IUDper se does not cause infertility since all our patients who had IUDs removed for intended pregnancy did become pregnant; the addition of copperper se does not make an IUD safer although it does make it more efficient; the Dalkon Shield used in nulligravidas was not more dangerous than other types of IUD.

Resumé

On a écrit beaucoup sur les risques d'infection pelvienne chez les utilisatrices de stérilets et très peu sur l'état de leur fertilité par la suite. Est-ce que le taux d'infertilité d'origine tubaire augmente chez les porteuses de stérilet qui sont asymptomatiques? Est-ce que l'ajout de cuivre rend le stérilet moins dangereux? Est-ce que le Dalkon Shield était si terrible chez les nullipares? Notre étude dont le suivi a été des plus efficaces (89 et 90% de patientes retrouvées après 12–14 ans) et portant sur 200 femmes porteuses de Dalkon Shield et 142 utilisant le TCu-200 nous permet de répondre ‘Non’ aux trois questions. Nous concluons donc que le port d'un stérilet en soi ne cause pas la stérilité puisque toutes nos patientes qui ont fait retirer leur stérilet dans le but de devenir enceinte le sont devenu; que l'ajout du cuivre ne rend pas le stérilet plus anodin mais simplement plus efficace; que le Dalkon Shield utilsé chez les nullipares n'était pas plus dangereux qu'un autre type de stérilet.

Sumario

Mucho se ha escrito sobre los riesgos de inflamación pelviana (PID) en usuarias de DIU y muy poco sobre el posterior estado de fertilidad en esas pacientes. ¿Aumenta la infertilidad tubaria en una usuaria de DIU que ha sido asintomática?. ¿El cobre agregado a un DIU lo hace inocuo?. ¿Fue tan terrible el uso de Dalkon Shield en mujeres nulípares?. Nuestro estudio (89 y 90% de seguimiento después de 12–14 años) de 200 usuarias de Dalkon Shield y 142 usuarias de TCu200, nos permite contestar ‘No’ a las tres preguntas anteriores. Concluimos que, el uso de un DIU per se no causa infertilidad puesto que todas nuestras pacientes cuyo DIU fue extraído para un intento de embarazo, quedaron embarazadas; el agregado de cobre per se no hace más inocuo al DIU sino más eficaz; el Dalkon Shield usado por mujeres nuligrávidas no fue más peligroso que otros tipos de DIU.

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Rioux, J.E., Cloutier, D., Dupont, P. et al. Pregnancy after IUD use. Adv Contracept 2, 185–192 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01849229

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01849229

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