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Menschliches Wachstumshormon

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Zusammenfassung

Der Stand der Kenntnisse über menschliches Wachstumshormon (HGH) wird in einer Übersicht dargestellt. HGH ist ein Polypeptid bekannter Struktur. Seine Wirkung und seine immunologischen Eigenschaften sind artspezifisch. Es kann bis heute nur aus menschlichen Hypophysen gewonnen werden.

Die Plasmakonzentration kann durch radioimmunologische Methoden nach Stimulation der Sekretion durch Insulinhypoglykämie, Aminosäureninfusionen oder Proteinmahlzeiten bestimmt werden.

Die Stoffwechselwirkungen von Wachstumshormon umfassen den Eiweiß-Stoffwechsel (Wachstum, Stickstoffretention), den Kohlenhydratstoffwechsel (diabetogene Wirkung), den Fettstoffwechsel (lipolytische Wirkung) sowie den Elektrolytstoffwechsel und andere Stoffwechselreaktionen.

Wegen der geringen zur Verfügung stehenden Menge ist der hypothalamo-hypophysäre Zwergwuchs heute die einzige Indikation für eine Behandlung mit menschlichem Wachstumshormon. Damit läßt sich eine eindrückliche Beschleunigung des Wachstums erzielen. Bei einem Teil der Patienten können sich Antikörper entwickeln, die den Erfolg der Behandlung in Frage stellen.

Summary

The current knowledge concerning human growth hormone (HGH) is reviewed. HGH is a polypeptide of known structure. Its effects and immunological properties are species-specific. It can only be obtained from human pituitaries.

Determination of the plasma concentration is possible using radioimmunoassay techniques after stimulation of the secretion by insulin induced hypoglycaemia, infusions of amino acids or protein meals.

The metabolic effects of human growth hormone involve the protein metabolism (growth and nitrogen retention), the carbohydrate metabolism (diabetogenic action), and the lipid metabolism (lipolytic action) as well as the electrolyte metabolism and other metabolic reactions.

Because of the scarcity of material available, the only indication for treatment with human growth hormone is hypopituitary dwarfism. In this condition, impressive results may be obtained. Some patients produce antibodies which may interfere with the success of the treatment.

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  1. Universitäts-Kinderklinik Zürich, Switzerland

    Ruth Illig, M. Zachmann & A. Prader

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Illig, R., Zachmann, M. & Prader, A. Menschliches Wachstumshormon. Klin Wochenschr 47, 117–123 (1969). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01746044

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