Skip to main content
Log in

Comparative study of the efficacy of fluconazole versus amphotericin B/flucytosine in surgical patients with systemic mycoses

Studie zur Wirksamkeit von Fluconazol im Vergleich zu Amphotericin B/Flucytosin bei chirurgischen Patienten mit Systemmykosen

  • Originalia
  • Published:
Infection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

In an open, prospective, randomized study, the efficacy of fluconazole was compared with that of the combination amphotericin B/flucytosine. Forty surgical patients with deep-seated mycoses were included in the study. Absolute inclusion criteria were histological finding of fungi in a tissue sample taken during surgery from e. g. peritoneum, pancreas, lungs or trachea, a positive blood culture or candida lesion of the eye. According to the random list 20 patients received up to 0.5 mg amphotericin B per kg body weight in combination with 3×2.5 g flucytosine (5-FC) daily and 20 patients received fluconazole, 400 mg on the first day and then 300 mg daily. The two therapy groups were comparable in terms of age, sex and underlying diseases. Gastrointestinal perforations (27 times) were the most frequent underlying diseases.Candida albicans was the fungus most frequently detected microbiologically (34 times). The pathogens were eliminated from 12 patients in the fluconazole group and 14 patients in the combination group. The median elimination time was 8.5 days in the fluconazole group and 5.5 days in the amphotericin B/5-FC group. Six patients died in the fluconazole group, whereas five patients died in the comparison group. Side effects which necessitated switching of therapy occurred twice in the combination group. In deep-seated candida mycoses, surgical patients receiving the combination therapy with amphotericin B/5-FC showed an earlier elimination than patients on monotherapy with fluconazole. With respect to cure rates there was no difference between these two regimens.

Zusammenfassung

In einer offenen, prospektiven Vergleichsstudie sollte die Wirksamkeit von Fluconazol gegenüber der Kombination Amphotericin B/Flucytosin geprüft werden. In die Studie wurden 40 chirurgische Patienten mit tiefen Mykosen aufgenommen. Absolute Einschlußkriterien waren der histologische Nachweis von Pilzen in Gewebsproben, die intraoperativ beispielsweise aus dem Peritoneum, Pankreas, Lunge oder Trachea entnommen wurden, eine positive Blutkultur und eine Candidaläsion des Auges. Entsprechend einem Randomplan erhielten 20 Patienten Amphotericin B bis 0,5 mg/kgKG in Kombination mit Flucytosin (5-FC) 3×2,5 g. 20 Patienten erhielten Fluconazol initial 400 mg und jeden weiteren Tag 300 mg. Beide Therapiegruppen waren nach Alter, Geschlecht und Grunderkrankungen vergleichbar. Gastrointestinale Perforationen (27×) standen bei den Grunderkrankungen im Vordergrund. Am häufigsten konnteCandida albicans (34×) mikrobiologisch nachgewiesen werden. In der Fluconazolgruppe konnten die Erreger 12 mal und in der Kombinationsgruppe (Amphotericin B/5-FC) 14 × eliminiert werden. Die Eliminationszeit betrug im Median in der Fluconazlogruppe 8,5 und in der Amphotericin B/5-FC-Gruppe 5,5 Tage. Sechs Patienten starben in der Fluconazolgruppe, während in der Vergleichsgruppe fünf Patienten verstarben. In der Kombinationsgruppe traten zweimal Nebenwirkungen auf, die ein Umsetzen erforderten. Bei tiefen Candidamykosen chirurgischer Patienten zeigt sich unter der Kombination Amphotericin B/5-FC eine frühere Elimination gegenüber der Monotherapie mit Fluconazol. In bezug auf die Heilungsrate fanden sich keine Unterschiede in den beiden Therapiegruppen.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Graybill, J. R., Sharkey, P. K. Fungal infections and their management. Br. J. Clin. Pract. 44 Suppl. 71 (1990) 23–31.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Jarvis, W. R. and the National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System. Hospital Infections Program. Centers for Disease Control. Nosocomial fungal infections in the United States: National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance System (NNIS), January 1980–April 1990. Presented at the Third International Conference on Nosocomial Infections, Atlanta, July 31–August 3, 1990.

  3. Edwards, J. E. Invasive Candida infections, Evolution of a fungal pathogen. N. Engl. J. Med. 324 (1991) 1060–1062.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Perfect, J. R. Antifungal therapy and its use in surgical treatment. Surg. Gyn. Obstet. 171 Suppl. (1991) 41–48.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Wegmann, T. Antimykotika. Internist 30 (1988) 46–49.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Kujath, P., Lerch, K. Secondary mycosis in surgery. Treatment with fluconazole. Infection 17 (1989) 111–118.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Kujath, P., Lerch, K., Dämmrich, J. Fluconazole monitoring in candida peritonitis based on histological control. Mycoses 33 (1990) 441–448.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Heidemann, H. Th., Brune, K.-H. Verhinderung der Amphotericin-B-Nephrotoxizität durch parenteral verabreichtes Flucytosin. Therapiewoche 37 (1987) 4158–4166.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Knaus, W. A., Draper, E., Douglas, P., Wagner, D. P., Zimmerman, J. E. APACHE II: A severity of disease classification system. Crit. Care. Med. 13 (1985) 818–829.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Kujath, P., Boos, C., Marre, R., Diebold, J., Iven, H. Die candidainduzierte Peritonitis. Diagnose, Therapie und Verlauf. Klinikarzt 65 (1992) 117–119.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Jones, J. M. Laboratory diagnosis of invasive candidiasis. Clin. Microbiol. Rev. 3 (1990) 32–45.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Solomkin, J. S., Flohr, A. B., Quie, P. G., Simmons, R. L. The role of candida in intraperitoneal infections. Surgery 88 (1980) 524–530.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Solomkin, J., Flohr, A., Simmons, R. Candida infections in surgical patients. Ann. Surg. 195 (1982) 172–185.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Phillips, P., Dowd, A., Jewesson, P. Nonvalue of antigen detection immunoassays for diagnosis of candidemia. J. Clin. Microbiol. 28 (1990) 2320–2326.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Walsh, T. J., Hathorn, J., Sobel, J. D. Detection of circulating candida enolase by immunoassay in patients with cancer and invasive candidiasis. N. Engl. J. Med. 324 (1991) 1026–1031.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Larsen, R. A., Leal, M. A. E., Chan, L. S. Fluconazole compared with amphotericin B plus flucytosine for cryptococcal meningitis in AIDS. Ann. Intern. Med., 113 (1990) 183–187.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Anaissie, E., Bodey, G. P., Kantarjian, H., David, C., Barnett, K., Bow, E., Defelice, R., Downs, N., File, Th., Karam, G., Potts, D., Shelton, M., Sugar, A. Fluconazole therapy for chronic disseminated candidiasis in patients with leukemia and prior amphotericin B therapy. Am. J. Med. 91 (1991) 142–150.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Büchner, T., Roos, N.: Antifungal treatment strategy in patients with malignancies. In:S. Johnson, F. N. Johnson, Eds. The antifungal agents, vol. 1, Marius Press 1992 pp. 92–106.

  19. Saag, M. S., Powderly, W. G., Cloud, G. A., Robinson, P., Grieco, M. H., Sharkey, P. K., Thompson, S. E., Sugar, A. M., Tuazon, C. U., Fisher, J. F., Hyslop, N., Jacobson, J. M., Hafner, R., Dismukes, W. E. Comparison of amphotericin B with fluconazole in the treatment of acute AIDS-associated cryptococcal meningitis. N. Engl. J. Med., 326 (1992) 83.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Finke, R. Vergleich von oraler Fluconazol- und Amphotericin B-Prophylaxe gegen Pilzinfektionen in der Neutropenie-Phase antileukämisch behandelter Patienten. Mycoses 33 Suppl. (1990) 42–54.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Meunier, F., Aoun, M., Janssens, M., Dekoster, C., Paesmans, M. Chemoprophylaxis of fungal infections in granulocytopenic patients using fluconazole vs oral amphotericin B. Drug Invest. 3 (1991) 258–265.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Rozenberg-Arska, M., Dekker, A. W., Branger, J., Verhoef, J. A randomized study to compare oral fluconazole to amphotericin B in the prevention of fungal infections in patients with acute leukaemia. J. Antimicrob. Chemother. 27 (1991) 369–376.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kujath, P., Boos, C., Lerch, K. et al. Comparative study of the efficacy of fluconazole versus amphotericin B/flucytosine in surgical patients with systemic mycoses. Infection 21, 376–382 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01728917

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01728917

Keywords

Navigation