References
AATCC Tech Manual (1990) Colorfastness to perspiration. Test method 15-1985. 65:30–32
Branson DA, Ayers G, Henry M (1986) Effectiveness of selected work fabrics as barriers to pesticide penetration. In: Barker, Coletta (eds) Performance of Protective Clothing, ASTM STP 900:114–120
Bhat NV, Dharmadhikari AR, Wani SN, Kulkari SD (1990) Effect of perspiration on the fine structure of cotton fabrics. Text Res J 60:240–244
Crouse JL, DeJonge JO, Calogero F (1990) Pesticide barrier performance of selected nonwoven fabrics in laboratory capillary and pressure penetration testing. Text Res J 60:137–142
Easley CB, Laughlin JM, Gold RE, Hill RM (1982) Laundry factors influencing methylparathion removal from contaminated denim fabric. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 29:461–468
Easter E, DeJonge JO (1985) The efficacy of laundering captan and guthion contaminated fabrics. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 14:281–287
Fishberg EH, Bierman W (1932) Acid base balance in sweat. J Biol Chem 97:433–441
Keaschall JL, Laughlin JM, Gold RE (1986) Effect of laundering procedures and functional finishes on removal of insecticides selected from three chemical classes. In: Barker, Coletta (eds) Performance of Protective Clothing, ASTM STP 900:162–176
Kim CJ, Stone JF, Sizer CE (1982) Removal of pesticide residues as affected by laundering variables. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 29(1):95–100
Laughlin JM, Easley CB, Gold RE (1985) Methylparathion residues in contaminated fabrics after laundering. Am Chem Soc Symposium Series #273:177–188
Laughlin JM, Gold RE (1987) Methylparathion residue in functionally finished cotton and polyester after laundering and abrasion. Cloth Text Res J 5(3):9–17
Laughlin JM, Gold RE (1988) Cleaning protective apparel to reduce pesticide exposure. In: Ware GW (ed) Reviews of Environ Contam Toxicol 101:93–119
Leonas KK, Easter EP, DeJonge JO (1989) Effect of fabric characteristics on pesticide penetration through selected apparel fabrics. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 43:231–238
McNally BF (1988) Treatment of U.S. army battle dress uniforms with permethrin. In: Reagan, Johnson, Dusaj (eds) Technical papers, the First International Symposium on the Impact of Pesticides, Industrial and Consumer Chemicals on the Near Environment 48–60
Orlando J, Branson D, Ayers G, Leavitt R (1981) The penetration of formulated guthion spray through selected fabrics. J Environ Sci Health B16.5:617–628
Raheel M, Gitz EC (1985) Effect of fabric geometry on resistance to pesticide penetration and degradation. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 14:273–279
Raheel M (1987a) Efficacy of laundering variables in removing carbaryl and atrazine residues from contaminated fabrics. Bull Environ Contam Toxico 39:671–679
Raheel M (1987b) Resistance of selected textiles to pesticide penetration and degradation. J Environ Health 49(4):214–219
Raheel M (1988a) Barrier effectiveness of apparel fabrics toward pesticide penetration. J Environ Health 51(2):82–84
Raheel M (1988b) Pesticide penetration in fabrics: Fiber chemistry, surface energy, and fabric porosity. In: Reagan, Johnson, Dusaj (eds) Technical Papers, the First International Symposium on the Impact of Pesticides, Industrial and Consumer Chemicals on the Near Environment 127–136
Raheel M (1991) Pesticide transmission in fabrics: Effect of particulate soil. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol (In Press)
Vass CCN, McSwiney BA (1930) Fastness of dyes to perspiration, I: The composition of human perspiration. J Soc Dyers Colour 46:190–195
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Raheel, M. Pesticide transmission in fabrics: Effect of perspiration. Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 46, 837–844 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01689727
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01689727