Skip to main content
Log in

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for high-grade advanced gastric cancer

  • Original Scientific Reports
  • Published:
World Journal of Surgery Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Fifty-five patients with high-grade advanced gastric cancer in whom the presence of stage IV was confirmed by preoperative diagnostic imaging were treated with PMUE therapy by a combined use of cisplatin (CDDP) 75 mg/m2, mitomycin C (MMC) 10 mg/body, etoposide 150 mg/body, and UFT (a combination of 1-(2-tetrahydrofuryl)-5-fluorouracil and uracil in a molar ratio of 1∶4) 400 mg/day. CDDP and MMC was administered intravenously on the first day, followed by etoposide 50 mg/day on the 3rd, 4th, and 5th days. All the patients had measurable lesions that were evaluated by computed tomography scanning before and after the treatments. These patients were allocated randomly to two groups. Of these cases, 29 belonged to the neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) group to whom PMUE therapy was given preoperatively; the remaining 26 patients underwent operation first and received PMUE thereafter (control group). Background factors did not differ significantly between the two groups. The response rate was higher in the NAC group than in the control group (62% in the former versus 35% in the latter). The resectability rates were 79% and 88% in the NAC and control groups, respectively. However, the rate of potentially curable cases was higher in the NAC group than in the control group (38% in the former versus 15% in the latter). Among the nonresection cases, the prognosis was highly unfavorable in both groups. In the resection cases, however, the survival rate was significantly better in the NAC group than in the control group. These results may indicate that in patients with high-grade, advanced gastric cancer initial chemotherapy (neoadjuvant chemotherapy) and then surgery should be considered.

Résumé

Cinquante-cinq cas de cancer gastrique avancé, à potentiel très malin (stade IV à l'imagerie préopératoire), ont été traités par une chimiothérapie PMUE comprenant une combinaison de CDDP, 75 mg/m2, MMC, 10 mg/Kg poids corporel, d'etopocide, 150 mg/Kg poids corporel et d'UFT, 400 mg/jour. Le CDDP et le MMC ont été donnés par voie intraveineuse à Jl, suivis d'etoposide, 50 mg/jour aux jours 3, 4 et 5. Tous les patients avaient des lésions qui ont pu être évaluées par la tomodensitométrie avant et après le traitement. Ces patients ont été randomisés en deux groupes: 29 ont eu une chimiothérapie néoadjuvante (CNA) par le PMUE en préopératoire, alors que les 26 autres ont d'abord été opérés, et ensuite ont reçu une chimiothérapie PMUE (groupe contrôle). Les caractéristiques des deux groupes ne différaient pas de façon significative. Le taux de réponse était plus haut dans le groupe CNA par rapport au groupe contrôle (62% contre 35%). Le taux de résecabilité était respectivement, de 79 et 88% dans les deux groupes. Le taux de cas potentiellement curables, cependant, était plus élevé dans le groupe CNA par rapport au groupe contrôle (38% contre 15%). Dans les cas de cancer gastrique non réséqués, le pronostic était extrêmement mauvais, quel que soit le groupe. Dans les cancers réséqués, la survie était significativement plus élevée dans le groupe CNA comparé au groupe contrôle. Ces résultats indiquent que chez les patients ayant un cancer gastrique avancé à potentiel très malin, une chimiothérapie néoadjuvante (d'emblée), suivie de chirurgie, peut être le meilleur choix thérapeutique.

Resumen

Cincuenta y cinco casos de cáncer gástrico avanzado, en los cuales se había confirmado el Estado IV mediante imágenes diagnósticas preoperatorias, recibieron quimioterapia PMVE con el uso combinado de cisplatino (CDDP) 75 mg/m2, MMC 10 mg/cuerpo, Ectoposide 150 mg/cuerpo y VHF 400 mg/día. El CDDP y el MMC fueron administrados por vía intravenosa en el primer día, seguidos de Ectoposide 50 mg/día en los días 3, 4 y 5. Todos los pacientes exhibían lesiones medibles, las cuales fueron valoradas por escanografía computadorizada antes y después del tratamiento. Los pacientes fueron ubicados al azar en dos grupos; 29 quedaron en el grupo de la quimioterapia neoadyuvante (QNA) en el cual la quimioterapia PMVE fue practicada preoperatoriamente, y los 26 pacientes restantes fueron sometidos primero a operación y luego a quimioterapia PMVE, constituyendose en el grupo de control. Los antecedentes médicos no eran significativamente diferentes en los dos grupos. La respuesta fue mayor en el grupo de QNA en comparación con el grupo control (62% vs 35%). La tasa de resecabilidad fue de 79% y 88% en el grupo QNA y en el grupo de control, respectivamente. Sin embargo, la rata de casos potencialmente curables fue más alta en el grupo de QNA, en comparación con el grupo control (38% vs 15%). En los casos no resecados, sin embargo, la tasa de sobrevida fue significativamente superior en el grupo de QNA en comparación con el grupo control. Tales resulados pueden significar que en pacientes con cáncer gástrico de alto grado y en estado avanzado se debe considerar primero la quimioterapia como paso inicial (quimioterapia neodyuvante), y luego la cirugía.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Price, L.A., Hill, B.T.: Impact of primary site of stage III and IV squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck on 7-year survival figures following initial non-cisplatin-containing combination chemotherapy. Recent Results Cancer Res.103:124, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  2. Donadio, M., Bonardi, G., Iberti, V., Bertetto, O., Carnino, F., Iskra, L., Mossetti, C., Calciati, A.: The role of induction chemotherapy in inoperable ovarian cancer. Tumori75:609, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  3. Hong, W.K., Pennachio, J., Shapsay, S., Vaughan, C., Katz, A., Bhutani, R., Bromer, R., Willett, B., Strong, S.: Adjuvant chemotherapy with cis-platinum and bleomycin infusion prior to definitive treatment for advanced stage III and IV squamous cell head and neck carcinoma. In Adjuvant Therapy of Cancer, Vol. III, S.E. Salmon, S.E. Jones, editors. Orlando, FL, Grune & Stratton, 1981, pp. 153–160

    Google Scholar 

  4. Preusseur, P., Wike, H., Fink, U., Meyer, J., Meyer, H.G., Loo, J.: Phase-2-Studie mit Etoposid, Adriamycin, Cisplatin (EAP) beim primar inoperablen, metastasierten Magenkarzinom. Tumor Diagn Ther8:43, 1987

    Google Scholar 

  5. Plucker, J.T., Mulder, N.H., Sleijfer, D.T., Grond, J., Verschueren, R.C.J.: Chemotherapy and surgery for locally advanced cancer of the cardia and fundus: phase II study with methotrexate and 5-fluorouracil. Br. J. Surg.78:955, 1991

    Google Scholar 

  6. Balana, C., Camps, C., Diaz-Rubio, E., Dorta, J., Massuti, B., Aranda, E., Belón, J., Villar, A., Lizón, J., Antón, A., Centelles, M., Cervantes, A., Carrato, A., Cruz, J., González, R., Navarrete, A., Fernandez, C.: Treatment of advanced gastric cancer (GC) with a fluorouracil or a cisplatin (P) based chemotherapy. Ann. Oncol.1:43, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  7. Matuki, N., Sakuma, K., Sawa, T., Yagi, M., Hagino, S., Katayama, K., Note, M., Uogishi, M., Ueno, K., Sawazaki, K., Yonemura, Y., Kasai, K., Shima, K., Hiroho, T., Yoshimitsu, S., Miyazaki, I.: Effect of PMU therapy (CDDP, MMC and UFT) against terminal gastric cancer. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother.15:655, 1988

    Google Scholar 

  8. Sawa, T., Kinoshita, K., Takegawa, S., Ooyama, S., Hasegawa, H., Fujimura, T., Ueda, N., Watanabe, T., Kato, M., Miyata, T., Matsuda, Y., Takashima, T., Tomita, F., Katayama, K., Tanaka, T., Sakuma, H., Matsuki, N., Hagino, S., Yonemura, Y., Miyazaki, I.: Effect of PMUE therapy (CDDP, MMC, UFT, and etoposide) for terminal gastric cancer. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother.77:2381, 1990

    Google Scholar 

  9. Stephens, F., Adams, B.G., Crea, P.: Intra-arterial chemotherapy given preoperatively in the management of carcinoma of the stomach. Surg. Gynecol. Obstet.162:170, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  10. Papaioannou, A.N., Kozonis, A.P., Polychronis, A.P., Nomicos, J., Plataniotis, G.A., Papageorgiou, J.K.: Preoperative chemotherapy for gastric cancer: a prospective study with at least 1 year follow up. Recent Results Cancer Res.103:143, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  11. Stephens, F., Johnson, A.W., Crea, P.: Preoperative “basal” chemotherapy in the management of cancer of the stomach. Med. J. Aust.140:143, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  12. World Health Organization: Handbook for Reporting Results of Cancer Treatment. WHO Offset Publ. No. 48. Geneva, WHO, 1979

    Google Scholar 

  13. Japanese Research Society of Gastric Cancer: The general rules for the gastric cancer study in surgery and pathology. Jpn. J. Surg.11:127, 1981

    Google Scholar 

  14. Frei, E., III: Clinical cancer research: an embattled species. Cancer50:1979, 1982

    Google Scholar 

  15. Frei, E., III, Miller, D., Clark, J.R., Fallou, B.G., Ervin, T.J.: Clinical and scientific considerations in preoperative (neoadjuvant) chemotherapy. Recent Results Cancer Res.103:1, 1986

    Google Scholar 

  16. Winkeler, K., Beron, G., Kotz, R., Salzer-Kantschik, M., Beck, J., Beck, W., Brandeis, W., Ebell, W., Ertmann, R., Göbel, V., Havers, W., Henz, G., Hindesfield, L., Hocker, P., Jobbe, A., Jürgens, H., Kabisch, H., Preusser, P., Prindull, G., Ramach, W., Ritter, J., Sekera, J., Treuner, J., Würst, G., Landbeck, G.: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for osteogenic sarcoma: results of a cooperative German/Austrian study. J. Clin. Oncol.2:617, 1984

    Google Scholar 

  17. Tsujinaka, T., Murata, A., Ogawa, N., Shirdo, Y., Shiozaki, H., Matuara, N., Nishizuta, J., Kobayashi, K., Tahara, H., Miyata, M., Mori, T.: Evaluation of EAP (etoposide, Adriamycin, cisplatin) for highly advanced gastric cancer in a neoadjuvant setting. Jpn. J. Cancer Chemother.18:657, 1991

    Google Scholar 

  18. Goldin, A., Venditti, J., Humphery, S., Mantel, N.: Influence of concentration of leukemic inoculum on the effectiveness of treatment. Science123:840, 1956

    Google Scholar 

  19. Wilke, H., Preusser, P., Fink, U., Gunzer, U., Meyer, H.J., Meyer, J., Siewert, J.R., Achterrath, W., Lenaz, L., Knippo, H., Schmoll, H.J.: Preoperative chemotherapy in locally advanced and nonresectable gastric cancer: a phase II study with etoposide, doxorubicin, and cisplatin. J. Clin. Oncol.17:1318, 1989

    Google Scholar 

  20. Hatobayagyi, G., Singletary, M., McNeese, D., Frye, D., Holmes, F., Ames, F., Theriault, R., Buzdar, A.: Breast conservation after neoadjuvant chemotherapy for primary breast cancer. Proc. ASCO10:55, 1991

    Google Scholar 

  21. Hong, W.K.: Laryngeal preservation with induction chemotherapy and radiation in advanced laryngeal cancer. In Proceedings of the 3rd International Congress on Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy, 1991, p. 4

  22. Yonemura, Y., Fujimura, T., Fushida, S., Takegawa, S., Kamata, T., Katayama, K., Kosaka, T., Yamaguchi, A., Miwa, K., Miyazaki, I.: Hyperthermo-chemotherapy combined with cytoreductive surgery for the treatment of gastric cancer with peritoneal dissemination. World J. Surg.15:530, 1991

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Yonemura, Y., Sawa, T., Kinoshita, K. et al. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy for high-grade advanced gastric cancer. World J. Surg. 17, 256–261 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01658939

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01658939

Keywords

Navigation