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Peptic ulcer complications in high-risk patients

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Abstract

Distinct groups of patients at high risk for the development of peptic ulceration of the stomach and duodenum have been identified. As newer forms of treatment for critical illness evolve, it seems probable that other high-risk groups will be described. The etiology of the ulcerations appear to be different for each group. The presence of intraluminal acid is correlated with the incidence of bleeding. Acid-reducing therapy, whether intraluminal or intravenous, is effective in decreasing the risk of bleeding to variable degrees among the high-risk groups but does not prevent or reduce the incidence of ulceration. When surgical therapy is needed, no operation is superior.

Résumé

Divers groupes de malades à haut risque (stress, transplantation rénale, médicaments, brûlures, infections, traumatismes céphaliques, etc.) sont prédisposés au développement d'un ulcère peptique gastrique ou duodénal. Avec l'apparition de nouvelles thérapeutiques chez les malades présentant une affection grave, il est probable que de nouveaux groupes pourront Être individualisés. L'étiologie de l'ulcère est variable en fonction de chaque groupe. L'existence d'une acidité intra-gastrique est en corrélation avec la fréquence de l'hémorragie. Le traitement anti-acide par os ou par voie intra-veineuse est efficace. Il diminue le risque de l'hémorragie d'un degré variable chez les malades à haut risque mais il ne réduit pas la fréquence de la maladie ulcéreuse. Lorsque le traitement chirugical se montre indispensable, aucune technique n'est supérieure à une autre.

Resumen

Diferentes grupos de pacientes con alto riesgo de desarrollar ulceración péptica del estómago y duodeno han sido identificados. Es posible que otros grupos de alto riesgo sean descritos en la medida que evolucionan las nuevas modalidades de manejo del paciente en estado crítico. La etiología de la ulceración aparece diferente para cada grupo. La presencia del ácido intraluminal se correlaciona con la incidencia de la hemorragia. La terapia reductora de ácido, bien sea de tipo intraluminal o intravenoso, es efectiva en cuanto a la disminución del riesgo de sangrado, en grado variable, en los diferentes grupos de alto riesgo, pero no previene o reduce la incidencia de ulceración. Una vez, que se presenta la necesidad de intervención quirÚrgica, ninguno de los diversos tipos de operación demuestra clara superioridad sobre los otros.

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Stabile, B.E., Tzu-Ming, C., Hiatt, J.R. et al. Peptic ulcer complications in high-risk patients. World J. Surg. 11, 345–349 (1987). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01658113

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