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The parasacral sphincter-splitting approach to the rectum

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Abstract

The parasacral, in most instances sphincter-splitting, approach to the lower rectum has been used in 79 instances with no operative mortality; 36 cases of low rectal cancer were the subject of this paper. In UICC stages Ia and Ib (limited to mucosa and submucosa) and stage-II tumors, those of the T2N0 type (penetration of rectal musculature wall with no lymph node involvement), are good indications for this conservative surgery of very low rectal malignancies at any age; the stage of local lymph node invasion and the depth of rectal invasion require intraoperative histological evaluation. In more advanced tumor stages this approach should be considered only if abdominoperineal amputation is categorically refused or if the patient is at very high risk (e.g., in very old patients). The parasacral operation is surprisingly well tolerated, provided the 2–3-hour procedure is carried out under optimal cardiorespiratory supervision and care.

Résumé

L'abord du rectum par voie sacrale—le plus souvent associé à une division de tous les sphincters anorectaux—a été pratiqué dans 79 malades sans mortalité opératoire dont 36 malades avec des cancers du rectum situés très bas forment le sujet de cet exposé. Les stades UICC Ia/Ib (tumeurs muqueuses et sousmuqueuses) et parmi les stades II les T2N0 (tumeurs pénétrant la musculature rectale mais sans atteinte des ganglions lymphatiques locaux) peuvent être considérés comme de bonnes indications à chaque âge, l'analyse histologique intraopératoire étant de rigueur pour la décision définitive lors de l'opération. Pour les tumeurs de stades plus avancés la résection parasacrale ne saurait être considérée que chez les malades refusant catégoriquement la colostomie ou les malades constituant un grand risque opératoire, comme p.ex. à l'âge très avancé et en état générale réduit. L'opération parasacrale, bien que durant de 2 à 3 heures, est étonnement bien tolérée à condition que le malade profite d'une supervision cardiorespiratoire intraoperatoire optimale aussi bien pendant qu'après l'intervention.

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Allgöwer, M., Dürig, M., Hochstetter, A.v. et al. The parasacral sphincter-splitting approach to the rectum. World J. Surg. 6, 539–548 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01657867

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01657867

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