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Arterial patterns in the thoracic and abdominal segments of the esophagus: anatomy and clinical significance

Observation et signification clinique du trajet de l'artère du segment thoraco-abdominal de l'œsophage de l'adulte

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Summary

Cadaver studies were made to obtain more details about the arterial patterns in the thoracic and abdominal segments of the esophagus, with emphasis on the arterial supply to the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). The results showed that the inferior thoracic segment of the esophagus usually received blood supply from a single artery, with an average diameter of 1.42±0.49 mm (X±s), whereas the abdominal segment was commonly supplied by two arteries. The abdominal esophageal arteries coming from the left gastric artery were semi-circular in shape with an average diameter of 2.06±0.70 mm. From these semi-circular esophageal arteries, 3 to 8 smaller arteries branched off and penetrated into the muscle of the abdominal segment of the esophagus or anastomosed with arterial branches from the inferior thoracic segment. Thus, the blood supply of the abdominal segment was richer than that of the inferior thoracic segment. This richness of blood supply, characterized by semicircular esophageal arteries in the abdominal segment, may be important for the function of the LES.

Résumé

Une étude autospique a été réalisée pour obtenir plus de détails sur le trajet de l'artère du segment thoracoabdominal de l'œsophage en insistant sur l'apport artériel du sphincter inférieur de l'œsophage (SIO). Les résultats montrent que le segment thoracique inférieur de l'œsophage reçoit habituellement son apport artériel d'une seule artère d'un diamètre moyen de 1.42±0.49 mm. Tandis que le segment abdominal de l'œsophage est le plus fréquemment vascularisé par deux artères. Les artères de l'œsophage abdominal naissant de l'artère gastrique gauche adoptent une forme semi-circulaire et présentent un diamètre moyen de 2.06±0.70 mm. De ces artères œsophagiennes semi-circulaires naissent trois à huit petites branches artérielles qui pénètrent dans le muscle du segment abominal de l'œsophage ou s'anastomosent avec les branches artérielles venant du segment thoracique inférieur de l'œsophage. Ainsi, la vascularisation du segment abdominal de l'œsophage est plus riche que celle du segment thoracique inférieur. La richesse de la vascularisation caractérisée par les artères œsophagiennes semi-circulaires au niveau du segment semi-abdominal peut être importante dans la fonction du SIO.

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Yan, Y., Chen, C., Chen, Y. et al. Arterial patterns in the thoracic and abdominal segments of the esophagus: anatomy and clinical significance. Surg Radiol Anat 20, 399–402 (1998). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01653129

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01653129

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