Skip to main content
Log in

Pharmacokinetics and hemostasis following administration of a new, injectable oxacephem (6315-S, flomoxef) in volunteers and in patients with renal insufficiency

Pharmakokinetik des neuen, injizierbaren Oxacephems Flomoxef (6315-S) und Hämostaseparameter nach Applikation der Substanz bei freiwilligen Versuchspersonen und Patienten mit Niereninsuffizienz

  • Published:
Infection Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Summary

Flomoxef is a new oxacephem of broad antibacterial activity. The compound is mainly excreted through the kidneys. Two dose finding studies in patients with various degrees of renal insufficiency revealed that the dosage of flomoxef has to be reduced exactly according to the renal function. Although the N-methylthiotetrazole group has been replaced by a hydroxyethyl group, an inhibitory effect of flomoxef on vitamin K metabolism persisted. This effect was, however, less pronounced than with latamoxef. Only patients with low vitamin K stores are endangered. For those in whom low vitamin K stores are suspected repeated controls of prothrombin time are advised during the treatment. In contrast to latamoxef the platelet system was not affected by flomoxef. With the exception of loose stools in some patients no other clinical side effects during treatment were observed.

Zusammenfassung

Flomoxef ist ein neues parenterales Oxacephem mit breiter antibakterieller Aktivität. Wegen seiner vorwiegend renalen Elimination muß die Dosierung von Flomoxef der Nierenfunktion angepaßt werden. Hierzu wurden zwei Dosisfindungsstudien durchgeführt. Obwohl in Position 3 des Oxacephemgerüsts N-methyl durch ein Hydroxyaethyl im Thiotetrazolring ersetzt wurde, ist die hemmende Wirkung auf den Vitamin K Metabolismus immer noch nachzuweisen. Dieser kumarinähnliche Effekt ist allerdings deutlich geringer als unter Latamoxef. Deshalb sind nur solche Patienten gefährdet, unter der Therapie mit Flomoxef einen Abfall des Quicktests zu entwickeln, die einen ausgeprägten Vitamin K Mangel aufweisen, wie zum Beispiel Patienten unter totaler parenteraler Ernährung. Bei diesen Patienten sollte der Quickwert unter der Therapie häufiger kontrolliert werden. Im Gegensatz zu Latamoxef hat Flomoxef keinen Einfluß auf die Thrombozytenfunktion. Außer Stuhlgangunregelmäßigkeiten bei einem Teil der Patienten konnten keine zusätzlichen Nebenwirkungen unter der Therapie mit Flomoxef beobachtet werden.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Tsuji, T., Satoh, M., Narisada, M., Hanashima, Y., Yoshida, T. Synthesis and antibacterial activity of 6315-S, a new member of the oxacephem antibiotic. J. Antibiot. 38 (1985) 466–476.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Neu, H. C., Chin, N. X. In vitro activity and betalactamase stability of a new difluoro oxacephem, 6315-S. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 30 (1986) 638–644.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Shearer, M. J., Bechtold, H., Andrassy, K., Koderisch, J., McCarthy, P. T., Trenk, D., Jähnchen, E., Ritz, E. Mechanism of cephalosporin-induced hypoprothrombinemia: Relation to cephalosporin side chain, vitamin K metabolism and vitamin K status. J. Clin. Pharmacol. 28 (1988) 88–95.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Shimizu, K. Flomoxef. Jpn. J. Antibiot. 41 (1988) 1809–1821.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Uchida, K., Takase, H., Nomura, Y., Kakushi, H., Shike, T., Okabayashi, T., Mihara, S. Effect of 6315-S (Flomoxef) on blood coagulation and platelet aggregation. Chemotherapy (Tokyo) 35 (Suppl. 1) (1987) 470–493.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Andrassy, K., Koderisch, J., Fritz, S., Bechtold, H., Sonntag, H. Alteration of hemostasis associated with cefoperazone treatment. Infection 14 (1986) 27–31.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Hirauchi, K., Sakano, T., Morimoto, A. Measurement of vitamins in human and animal plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 34 (1986) 845–849.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Hirauchi, K., Sakano, T., Nagaoka, T., Morimoto, A. Simultaneous determination of vitamin K1, vitamin K1 2,3-epoxide and menaquinone-4 in human plasma by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorometric detection. J. Chromat. 430 (1988) 21–29.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Knothe, H., Dette, G. A., Shah, P. M. Impact of injectable cephalosporins on the gastrointestinal microflora: Observations in healthy volunteers and hospitalized patients. Infection 13 (Suppl. 1) (1985) 129–133.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Fishman, L. S., Hewitt, W. L. The natural penicillins. Med. Clin. North Am. 54 (1970) 1081–1099.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Andrassy, K., Koderisch, J., Fritz, S., Ritz, E. New betalactam antibiotics and hemorrhagic diathesis: Comparison of moxolactam and cefotaxime. Clin. Ther. 6 (1983) 34–42.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Uchida, K., Komeno, T. Relationships between dietary and intestinal vitamin K, clotting factor levels, plasma vitamin K and urinary Gla. In:Suttie, L. W. (ed.): Current advances in vitamin K research. Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Amsterdam 1988, pp. 477–492.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Bechtold, H., Andrassy, K., Jähnchen, E., Koderisch, J., Koderisch, H., Weilemann, L., Sonntag, H., Ritz, E. Evidence for impaired hepatic vitamin K1 metabolism in patients treated with N-methyl-tetrazole cephalosporins. Thromb. Haemost. 51 (1984) 358–361.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Andrassy, K., Koderisch, J., Gorges, K. et al. Pharmacokinetics and hemostasis following administration of a new, injectable oxacephem (6315-S, flomoxef) in volunteers and in patients with renal insufficiency. Infection 19 (Suppl 5), S296–S302 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01645542

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01645542

Keywords

Navigation