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The differential diagnosis of bacterial and aseptic meningitis using cerebrospinal fluid laboratory tests

Differentialdiagnose zwischen bakterieller und aseptischer Meningitis mit Laborparametern des Liquor cerebrospinalis

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Summary

The lactate, lysozyme, C-reactive protein and serum amyloid-A protein concentrations in cerebrospinal fluid were measured in 11 patients with bacterial meningitis, 27 patients with aseptic meningitis and in 31 control patients. The mean concentration of each parameter was significantly higher (p≦0.0001) in patients with bacterial meningitis than in those with aseptic meningitis or those without meningitis. The reliability of these tests in the differential diagnosis of bacterial and aseptic meningitis was compared with leucocyte counts in cerebrospinal fluid, Gram staining for bacteria, and protein and glucose levels. The cerebrospinal fluid lactate level proved to be more sensitive than lysozyme, C-reactive protein or serum amyloid-A protein and had a high degree of specificity.

Zusammenfassung

Bei 11 Patienten mit bakterieller Meningitis, 27 Patienten mit aseptischer Meningitis und 31 Kontrollpatienten wurden die Konzentrationen von Laktat, Lysozym, C-reaktivem Protein und Serum-Amyloid-A-Protein im Liquor cerebrospinalis gemessen. Für jeden Parameter war die Konzentration bei Patienten mit bakterieller Meningitis im Mittel signifikant höher (p≦0,001) als bei Patienten mit aseptischer Meningitis oder Patienten ohne Meningitis. Die Verläßlichkeit dieser Tests für die Differentialdiagnose zwischen bakterieller und aseptischer Meningitis wurde mit derjenigen von Leukozytenzählung im Liquor, Bakteriennachweis durch Gramfärbung, Eiweiß- und Glukosespiegel im Liquor, verglichen. Dabei zeigte sich, daß der Laktatspiegel im Liquor empfindlicher ist als der Spiegel von Lysozym, C-reaktivem Protein oder Serum-Amyloid-A-Protein, und daß er einen hohen Grad an Spezifität besitzt.

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Pönkä, A., Ojala, K., Teppo, A.M. et al. The differential diagnosis of bacterial and aseptic meningitis using cerebrospinal fluid laboratory tests. Infection 11, 129–131 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01641290

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01641290

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