Abstract
Ten subjects who exhibited feminine behavior and cross-dressing as young boys are described. At follow-up, 8 to 10 years later, 4 are heterosexual, 2 are homosexual, 1 is transsexual, and the outcome is uncertain in 3. Of the eight who met DSM III criteria when evaluated, three are heterosexual, two are homosexual, one is transsexual, and the outcome is uncertain for two. Gender dysphoria appears to be a necessary but not sufficient factor in a transsexual outcome. The strength, rigidity, and persistence of cross-gender behavior through latency may be a good predictor of transsexual outcome.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Green, R. (1974).Sexual Identity Conflict in Children and Adults. Basic Books, New York.
Green, R. (1979). Childhood cross-gender behavior and subsequent sexual preference.Amer. J. Psychiat. 136: 106–108.
Green, R. (1985). Gender identity in childhood and late sexual orientation.Amer. J. Psychiat. 142: 339–341.
Green, R. (1986).The Sissy Boy Syndrome and the Development of Homosexuality. Yale University Press, New Haven.
Green, R., Newman, L. E., and Stoller, R. J. (1972). Treatment of boyhood transsexualism: An interim report of four years experience.Arch. Gen. Psychiat. 26: 213–217.
Gilpin, D. C., Raza, S., and Gilpin, D. (1979). Transsexual symptoms in a male child treated by a female therapist.Amer. J. Psychother. 33: 453–463.
Lebowitz, P. S. (1972). Feminine behavior in boys: Aspects of its outcome.Amer. J. Psychiat. 128: 102–109.
Lim, M. H., and Bottomley, V. (1983). A combined approach to the treatment of effeminate behavior in a boy: A case study.J. Child Psychol. Psychiat. 24: 469–479.
Money, J., and Russo, A. J. (1979). Homosexual outcome of discordant gender identity/role in childhood: Longitudinal follow-up.J. Pediatr. Psychol. 4: 29–41.
Pruett, K. D., and Dahl, E. K. (1982). Psychotherapy of gender identity conflict in young boys.J. Amer. Acad. Child Psychiat. 21: 65–70.
Whitam, F. L. (1979). Childhood indicators of male homosexuality.Arch. Sex. Behav. 6: 89–96.
Zucker, K. J. (1982). Childhood gender disturbance: Diagnostic issues.J. Amer. Acad. Child Psychiat. 21: 274–280.
Zuger, B. (1966). Effeminate behavior present in boys from early childhood.J. Pediat. 69: 1098–1107.
Zuger, B. (1978). Effeminate behavior present in boys from childhood: Ten additional years of follow-up.Compr. Psychiat. 19: 363–369.
Zuger, B., and Taylor, P. (1969). Effeminate behavior present in boys from early childhood: Comparison with similar symptoms in noneffeminate boys.Pediatrics 44: 375–380.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Davenport, C.W. A follow-up study of 10 feminine boys. Arch Sex Behav 15, 511–517 (1986). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01542316
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01542316