Abstract
This study's purpose was to determine whether portal hypertension adversely affects small intestinal mucosal injury. Portal hypertension was produced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by two-stage ligation of the portal vein. Sham-operated rats were used as controls. Two weeks later, intestinal injury was produced byin vivo perfusion with 5 mM chenodeoxycholic acid for 30 min. Intestinal injury was assessed by quantitative morphometry and by measuring intestinal water and mannitol absorption. Portal hypertension resulted in more injury in the distal perfused intestine as manifested by increased villus tip denudation [portal hypertensive 52.5±9.6sem) vs controls 28.1±5.7μm, P=0.05). Additionally there was a significant decrease in the unperfused duodenal villus height in portal hypertensive rats (portal hypertensive 755±22 vs controls 848±28μm, P<0.02). Portal hypertension had no significant effect on the increase in mannitol absorption or water secretion caused by chenodeoxycholic acid perfusion. This study suggests that portal hypertension alters small intestinal mucosa and increases susceptibility to injury.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Losowski MS, Walker BE: Liver disease and malabsorption. Gastroenterology 56:589–600, 1969
Leevy CM, Thompson A, Baker H: Vitamins and liver injury. Am J Clin Nutr 23:493–509, 1970
Malagelada JR, Phihl O, Linscheer WG: Impaired absorption of micellar long-chain fatty acids in patients with alcoholic cirrhosis. Am J Dig Dis 19:1016–1020, 1974
Sun DC, Albacek RA, Chen JK: Malabsorption studies in cirrhosis of the liver. Arch Intern Med 119:567–572, 1967
Wilcox HG, Dunn GD, Schenker S: Plasma long-chain fatty acids and esterified lipids in cirrhosis and hepatic encephalopathy. Am J Med Sci 276:293–303, 1978
Gabuzdo GL, Davidson CS: Protein metabolism in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. Ann NY Acad Sci 57:776–784, 1954
Norman DA, Atkins JM, Seelig LL, Gomez-Sanchez C, Krejs G: Water and electrolyte movement and mucosal morphology in the jejunum of patients with portal hypertension. Gastroenterology 79:707–715, 1980
Shields R, Code CF: Effects of increased portal pressure on absorption of water and sodium from the ileum of dogs. Am J Physiol 200:775–780, 1961
Enquist IF, Golding MR, Aiello RG, et al: The effect of portal hypertension of intestinal absorption. Surg Gynecol Obstet 120:87–91, 1965
Grandison AS, Harrison ID, Shields R: Effect of wide variations in portal pressure on mesenteric blood flow and absorption from the canine colon. Gut 21:475–479, 1980
Aaronson S, Sarfeh IJ, Guimette E, Dadufalza VD, Hollander D, Mason GR: Effects of splanchnic venous congestion on intestinal absorption of vitamin D-3. Surg Forum 32:199–201, 1981
Sarfeh IJ, Aaronson S, Lombino D, Rypins EB, Mason GR, Dadufalza L, Hollander D: Selective impairment of nutrient absorption from intestines with chronic venous hypertension. Surgery 99:166–169, 1986
James JH, Jeppson B, Ziparo V, et al: Hyperammonemia, plasma amino acid imbalance, and blood-brain amino acid transport: A unified theory of portal systemic encephalopathy. Lancet 1:772–775, 1979
Tarnawski AS, Sarfeh IJ, Stachura J, Hajduczek AM, Bui HX, Dabros W, Gergely H: Microvascular abnormalities of the portal hypertensive gastric mucosa. Hepatology 8:1488–1494, 1988
Sarfeh IJ, Tarnawski AS: Gastric mucosal vasculopathy in portal hypertension. Gastroenterology 93:1129–1131, 1987
Adachi H, Maruyama M, Naito H, Hashimoto H, Mitsunaaa A, Ito Y, Ota Y, Kurokawa K, Obata H: Study of gastric mucosal changes and mucosal hemodynamics in patients with liver cirrhosis. Dig Dis Sci 31 (suppl 10):70S, 1986
McMormack gnHTT, Sims J, Eyre-Brook I, Kennedy, Goepel J, Johnson AG, Triger DR: Gastric lesions in portal hypertension. Inflammatory or congestive gastropathy? Gut 26:1226–1232, 1985
Sarfeh IJ, Tarnawski A, Hajduczek, Stachura J, Bui HX: Does portal hypertension predispose gastric mucosa to aspirin injury? Gastroenterology 92:1614, 1987 (abstract)
Sarfeh IJ, Tarnawski A, Maeda R, et al: The gastric mucosa in portal hypertension: Effects of topical bile acid. Scand J Gastroenterol 19(suppl 92):189–194, 1984
Sarfeh IJ, Tarnawski A, Malki A, Mason GR, Mach T, Ivey KJ: Portal hypertension and gastric mucosal injury in rats: Effects of alcohol. Gastroenterology 84:987–993, 1983
Erickson RA: Effect of 16, 16-dimethyl PGE2 and indomethacin on bile acid-induced intestinal injury and restitution in rats. J Lab Clin Med 112:735–744, 1988
Erickson RA, Tarnawski A, Krause WJ: 16,16-dimethyl prostaglandin E2 reduces chenodeoxycholate-induced small intestinal mucosal injury in the rat. J Lab Clin Med 110:387–395, 1987
Fordtran JS, Rector FC, Ewton MF, Soter N, Kinney J: Permeability characteristics of the human small intestine. J Clin Invest 44:1935–1944, 1965
Nolan JP, Camara DS: Endotoxin, sinusoidal cells and liver injury. Prog Liver Dis 7:361–375, 1982
Astaldi G, Strosselli E: Peroral biopsy of the intestinal mucosa in hepatic cirrhosis. Am J Dig Dis 7:603–612, 1960
Naito H, Adachi H, Hashimoto H, Mitsunaga A, Hirata F, Itoh Y, Ohta Y, Maruyama M, Suzuki H, Kurokama K, Obata H: Clinical study of the aggressive factors of the gastric mucosa in patients with liver cirrhosis. Dig Dis Sci 31 (suppl 10):203S, 1986
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This work was supported in part by a grant from the Research Service of the Veterans Administration.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Jonas, G., Erickson, R.A. & Morgan, T. Effect of portal hypertension onIn Vivo bile acid-mediated small intestinal mucosal injury in the rat. Digest Dis Sci 35, 743–748 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01540178
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01540178