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Blutgerinnungsfaktor XIII und Fibrinstabilisierung

Blood coagulation factor XIII and fibrin stabilization

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Summary

Coagulation factor XIII (fibrin stabilizing factor, FSF) is detectable in plasma, platelets, placenta and various tissues. In the activated form FSF has the enzymatic properties of a transglutaminase and is capable of stabilizing fibrin by inducing covalent bondings between fibrin monomers. In patients with congenital factor XIII deficiency or acquired immune inhibitors of fibrin stabilization a severe bleeding tendency is evident. There is not yet enough information available concerning the significance of reduced FSF-activity as cofactor in hemorrhagic diathesis and wound healing disturbances in various disease states. There are some indications from experimental studies that there might be an influence of FSF on tumor growth and metastasis as well as arteriosclerosis. The quantitation of the enzyme by radiological and immunological techniques yield reproducible results. Fibrin in its stabilized or non stabilized form can be discriminated in polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis after reduction of fibrin clots.

Zusammenfassung

Der Blutgerinnungsfaktor XIII (Fibrinstabilisierender Faktor, FSF) ist in Plasma, Thrombocyten, Placenta und verschiedenen Geweben nachweisbar. In seiner aktivierten Form hat er die enzymatische Wirkung einer Transglutaminase. Er induziert die intramolekulare Vernetzung und damit Stabilisierung aggregierter Fibrinmonomere. Bei kongenitalem Faktor XIII-Mangel und erworbenen Immunhemmkörpern bestehen enge Beziehungen zwischen der reduzierten biologischen Aktivität und der klinischen Blutungsneigung. Über die Bedeutung des erworbenen Plasmafaktor XIII-Mangels als Teilursache für hämorrhagische Diathesen und Wundheilungsstörungen ist bisher keine abschließende Aussage möglich. Zusammenhänge der Transglutaminase-Aktivität in Blut und Geweben mit Problemen der Tumorentstehung und -ausbreitung sowie der Arteriosklerose werden heute diskutiert. Die quantitative Bestimmung des Enzyms wurde in neuerer Zeit durch Entwicklung radiologischer und immunologischer Techniken verbessert. Die Unterscheidung von nicht bzw. partiell oder vollständig stabilisiertem Fibrin ist nach Reduktion von Gerinnseln in der Polyacrylamidgel-Elektrophorese möglich.

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  1. Sektion Hämostaseologie des Zentrums für Innere Medizin und Kinderheilkunde der Universität Ulm, Ulm/Donau

    H. Rasche

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Eigene Untersuchungen mit Unterstützung der Deutschen Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 112).

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Rasche, H. Blutgerinnungsfaktor XIII und Fibrinstabilisierung. Klin Wochenschr 53, 1137–1145 (1975). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01476453

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