Summary
The cell wall in laticifers of theConvolvulaceae, Calystegia silvatica, C. soldanella, C. tuguriorum, Convolvulus cneorum, C. verecundus, C. sabaticus subsp.mauritanicus, andIpomoea indica, contains an impregnated layer that surrounds the cells. The impregnated layer lies inside the primary wall of the laticifer, separated from the protoplast by a third (tertiary) layer of variable thickness. Histochemical and cytochemical staining give a positive reaction for suberin. The layer is often differentiated into dark and translucent regions, the latter frequently being composed of lamellae. The ultrastructure of this layer and its position within the cell wall of the laticifer is comparable to the condition found in oil cells where the walls contain a suberized layer. A suberized layer within the wall is unique for a laticifer system.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Amelunxen F, Gronau G (1969) Elektronmikroskopische Untersuchungen an den Ölzellen vonAcorus calamus L. Z Pflanzenphysiol 60: 156–168
Artschwager E (1924) On the anatomy of the sweet potato root, with notes on internal breakdown. J Agric Res Washington DC 27: 157–166
- (1943) Contribution to the morphology and anatomy of guayule (Parthenium argentatum). US Dept Agric Tech Bull No 842, 33 pp
Backhaus RA, Walsh S (1983) The ontogeny of rubber formation in guayule (Parthenium argentatum) Gray. Bot Gaz 144: 391–400
Behnke H-D, Herrmann S (1978) Fine structure and development of laticifers inGnetum gnemon L. Protoplasma 95: 371–384
Belarbi-Halli R, Dexheimer J, Mangenot F (1984) Le pneumatode chezPhoenix dactylifera. II Ultrastructure de la paroi de la cellule aérifère chez des pneumatodes jeunes provenant des cultures axeniques. Can J Bot 62: 972–981
—,Mangenot F (1986) Bayoud disease of date palm: ultrastructure of root infection through pneumatodes. Can J Bot 64: 1703–1711
Biggs AR, Stobbs LW (1986) Fine structure of the suberized cell walls in the boundary zone and necrophylactic periderm in wounded peach bark. Can J Bot 64: 1606–1610
Bruni A, Dall'olio D, Fasulo MP (1974) Morphological aspects of the nuclei in mature articulated laticifers ofCalystegia soldanella. Experientia 30: 1390–1391
Condon JM (1985) Structural studies of latex systems in New Zealand plants, native and introduced. M Sc Thesis, University of Canterbury, New Zealand
Courtoy R, Simar LJ (1974) Importance of controls for the demonstration of carbohydrates in electron microscopy with the silver methenamine or the thiocarbohydrazide-silver proteinate methods. J Microsc 100: 199–211
Czapek F (1894) Zur Kenntnis des Milchsaftsystems der Convolvulaceen. Oesterr Acad Wiss Sitzungsber Abt I 103: 87–121
Dell B, McComb AJ (1978) Plant resins-their formation, secretion and possible functions. In:Woolhouse HW (ed) Advances in botanical research, vol 6. Academic Press, London, pp 46–112
Eilert U, Nesbitt LR, Constabel F (1985) Laticifers and latex in fruits of periwinkle,Catharanthus roseus. Can J Bot 63: 1540–1546
Esau K (1953) Plant anatomy. Wiley, New York, and Chapman & Hall, London, 735 pp
— (1965) Plant anatomy, 2nd edn. Wiley, New York London Sydney, 767 pp
—,Kosakai H (1975) Laticifers inNelumbo nucifera Gaertn: distribution and structure. Ann Bot 39: 713–719
Espelie KE, Wattendorff H, Kolattukudy PE (1982) Composition and ultrastructure of the suberized cell wall of isolated crystal idioblasts fromAgave americana L. leaves. Planta 155: 166–175
Fahn A (1979) Secretory tissues in plants. Academic Press, London, 302 pp
— (1982) Plant anatomy, 3rd edn. Pergamon Press, Oxford, 544 pp
Fineran BA, Condon JM (1988) The stabilization of latex in laticifers of theConvolvulaceae: application of freezing methods for scanning electron microscopy. Can J Bot 66: 1217–1226
Gilliland MG, van Staden J (1983) Detection of rubber in guayule (Parthenium argentatum Gray) at the ultrastructural level. Z Pflanzenphysiol 110: 285–291
Giordani R (1979) Ultrastructure des laticifères articulès de la laitue. Comp Rend Acad Sci (Paris) 288: 615–618
Grelot P (1903) Recherches sur les laticifères de la fleur des Convolvulacées. Bot Centralbl 92: 83
Haberlandt G (1914) Physiological plant anatomy. Macmillan, London, 777 pp
Hattersley PW, Browning AJ (1981) Occurrence of the suberized lamella in leaves of grasses of different photosynthetic types. I. In parenchymatous bundle sheaths and PCR (“Kranz”) sheaths. Protoplasma 109: 371–401
Hébant C (1981) Ontogénie des laticifères du système primaire de l'Hevea brasiliensis: une étude ultrastructurale et cytochemique. Can J Bot 59: 974–985
Heide-Jørgensen HS (1978) The xeromorphic leaves ofHakea sauveolens R. Br. II. Structure of epidermal cells, cuticle development and ectodesmata. Bot Tidsskr 72: 227–244
Höhnel von F (1878) Über den Kork und verkorkte Gewebe überhaupt. Sitzungsber Acad Wiss Math Naturw Abt I (Wien) 76: 507–662
Holloway PJ (1982) Structure and histochemistry of plant cuticular membranes: an overview. In:Cutler DF, Alvin KL, Price CE (eds) The plant cuticle. Academic Press, London (Linn Soc Symp Ser, vol 10), pp 1–32
—,Brown GA, Wattendorff J (1981) Ultrahistochemical detection of epoxides in plant cuticular membranes. J Exp Bot 32: 1051–1066
Juniper BE, Cox GC, Gilchrist AJ, Williams PR (1970) Techniques for plant electron microscopy. Blackwell, Oxford Edinburgh, 108 pp
Karas I, McCully ME (1973) Further studies on the histology of lateral root development inZea mays. Protoplasma 77: 243–269
Kolattukudy PE (1980) Bipolyester membranes of plants: cutin and suberin. Science 208: 990–1000
— (1981) Structure, biosynthesis, and biodegradation of cutin and suberin. Ann Rev Plant Physiol 32: 539–597
Maire R (1913) Un nouveauConvolvulus algérien. Bull Soc Bot France 60: 253–256
Maron R, Fahn A (1979) Ultrastructure and development of oil cells inLaurus nobilis L. leaves. Bot J Linn Soc 78: 31–40
Marty F (1968) Infrastructure des laticifères différenciés d'Euphorbia characias. Comp Rend Acad Sci (Paris) 267: 299–302
Mauseth JD (1978 a) The structure and development of an unusual type of articulated laticifer inMammillaria (Cactaceae). Am J Bot 48: 415–420
— (1978 b) Further studies of the unusual type of laticiferous canals inMammillaria (Cactaceae): structure and development of the semi-milky type. Am J Bot 65: 1098–1102
Mérida J, Schönherr J, Schmidt HW (1981) Fine structure of plant cuticles in relation to water permeability: the fine structure of the cuticule ofCavia miniata Reg. leaves. Planta 152: 259–267
Metcalfe CR (1967) Distribution of latex in the plant kingdom. Econ Bot 21: 115–127
— (1983) Secretory structures: cells, cavities and canals-in leaves and stems. In:Metcalfe CR, Chalk L (eds) Anatomy of the dicotyledons, vol 2, wood structure and conclusions of general introduction, 2nd edn. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp 70–81
—,Chalk L (1950) Anatomy of the dicotyledons, 2 vols. Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1500 pp
Mirande M (1898) Sur les Laticifères et les tubes criblés des Cuscutes mongynées. J Bot 12: 70–80
Moor H (1959) Platin-Kohle-Abdrucktechnik angewandt auf den Feinbau der Milchröhren. J Ultrastruct Res 2: 393–422
O'Brien TP, Kuo J (1975) Development of the suberized lamellae in the mestome sheath of wheat leaves. Aust J Bot 23: 783–794
—,McCully ME (1981) The study of plant structure: principles and selected methods. Termarcharphi Pty Ltd, Melbourne, Australia
Olesen P (1978) Studies on the physiological sheaths in roots. I. Ultrastructure of the exodermis inHoya carnosa L. Protoplasma 94: 325–340
Paliwal GS, Kavalhekar AK (1971) Anatomy of vegetative food storage organs. Acta Agron Acad Sci Hung 20: 261–270
Peterson CA, Peterson RL, Robards AW (1978) A correlated histochemical and ultrastructural study of the epidermis and hypodermis of onion roots. Protoplasma 96: 1–21
Platt-Aloia KA, Oross JW, Thomson WW (1983) Ultrastructural study of the development of oil cells in the mesocarp of avocado fruit. Bot Gaz 144: 49–55
Postek MT, Tucker SC (1983) Ontogeny and ultrastructure of secretory oil cells inMagnolia grandiflora L. Bot Gaz 144: 501–512
Rachmilevitz T, Fahn A (1982) Ultrastructure and development of the laticifers ofFicus carica L. Ann Bot 49: 13–22
Robards AW, Clarkson DT, Sanderson J (1979) Structure and permeability of the epidermal/hypodermal layers of the sand sedge (Carex arenaria L.). Protoplasma 101: 331–347
—,Jackson SM, Clarkson DT, Sanderson J (1973) The structure of barley roots in relation to the transport of ions into the stele. Protoplasma 77: 291–311
Schmidt HW, Schönherr J (1982) Fine structure of isolated and non-isolated potato tuber periderm. Planta 154: 76–80
Scott FM (1950) Internal suberization of tissues. Bot Gaz 111: 378–394
Scott MG, Peterson RL (1979) The root endodermis inRanunculus acris. II. Histochemistry of the endodermis and the synthesis of phenolic compounds in roots. Can J Bot 57: 1063–1077
Spurr AR (1969) A low-viscosity epoxy resin embedding medium for electron microscopy. J Ultrastruct Res 26: 31–43
Solereder H (1908) Systematic anatomy of the dicotyledons, vol 1 (translated byDoodle LA andFritsch FE, and revised byScott DH). Clarendon Press, Oxford, 644 pp
Thiéry JP (1967) Mise en evidence des polysaccharides sur coupes fines en microscopie électronique. J Microsc (Paris) 6: 987–1018
Tippet JT, O'Brien TP (1976) The structure of eucalypt roots. Aust J Bot 24: 619–632
Trecul MA (1865) Observations sur les laticifères des Convolvulacées. Comp Rend Hebdom Seances 60: 825–829
— (1866) Résumé d'observations sur les vaisseaux et les sucs propres. Ann Sci Nat Bot 5: 44–79
Vogl A (1863) Beiträge zur Anatomie und Histologie von der unterirdischen Theile vonConvolvulus arvensis. Verh K Zool Bot Ges (Wien) 13: 257–300
— (1866–7) Beiträge zur Kenntniss der Milchsaftorgane. Pringsheim Jahrb Wiss Bot 5: 31–77
Wattendorf J (1974 a) Ultrahistochemical reactions of the suberized wall inAcorus, Acacia and Larix. Z Pflanzenphysiol 73: 214–225
— (1974 b) The formation of cork cells in the periderm ofAcacia Senegal Willd. and their ultrastructure during suberin deposition. Z Pflanzenphysiol 72: 119–134
— (1976 a) Ultrastructure of the suberized styloid crystal cells inAgave leaves. Planta 128: 163–165
— (1976 b) A third type of raphide crystal in the plant kingdom: six sided raphides with laminated sheaths inAgave americana L. Planta 130: 303–311
— (1978) Feinbau und Entwicklung der Calcium-Kristallzellen mit suberinähnlichen Kristallscheiden in der Rinde und im sekundären Holz vonAcacia Senegal Willd. Protoplasma 95: 193–206
—,Holloway PJ (1980) Studies on the ultrastructure and histochemistry of plant cuticles: the cuticular membrane ofAgave americana L.in situ. Ann Bot 46: 13–28
Wilson KJ, Mahlberg PG (1980) Ultrastructure of developing and mature nonarticulated laticifers in the milkweedAsclepias syriaca L. Am J Bot 67: 1160–1170
Zacharias E (1879) Über Secretbehälter mit verkorkten Membranen. Bot Zeit 37: 617–628
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Fineran, B.A., Condon, J.M. & Ingerfeld, M. An impregnated suberized wall layer in laticifers of theConvolvulaceae, and its resemblance to that in walls of oil cells. Protoplasma 147, 42–54 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01403876
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01403876