Summary
Cell shaping in the mesophyll ofNigella damascena was investigated with the aim of determining the origin of the arm-like protrusions, which are characteristic of, e.g., arm-palisade cells. It was found that hoops of cell wall were deposited during the early stages of cell expansion. The hoops were interconnected, thus embracing the cells with a wide-meshed net of local wall reinforcement. The pattern of wall deposition in the extra-cellular matrix correlated with a pattern of bands of microtubules in the cortical cytoplasm of the cells. During lateral expansion bulges were forced through the comparatively thin walls of spaces between the meshes, giving rise to the arm-like protrusions. After establishing the cell shape the bands of microtubules disintegrated and cell wall was uniformly deposited. The results are discussed in the context of the mode of cell shaping observed in the mesophyll of other systems and of a previous, classical hypothesis on the origin of arms in mesophyll cells.
Similar content being viewed by others
Abbreviations
- DAPI:
-
4′,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole
- EGTA:
-
ethylene glycol-bis(β-aminoethyl ether) N,N,N′,N′-tetraacetic acid
- FITC:
-
fluorescein isothiocyanate
- PME:
-
phosphate-magnesium-EGTA-buffer
References
Apostolakos P, Galatis B, Panteris E (1991) Morphogenesis and intercellular space formation inZea mays leaf mesophyll andPilea codierei epithem. J Plant Physiol 137: 591–601
Galatis B (1988) Microtubules and epithem-cell morphogenesis in hydathodes ofPilea cadierei. Planta 176: 287–297
Haberlandt G (1882) Der anatomische Bau des Assimilationssystems und seine physiologischen Principien. Jahrb Wiss Bot 13: 96–146
— (1925) Zelle und Elementarorgan. Biol Zentralbl 45: 257–272
Jung G, Wernicke W (1990) Cell shaping and microtubules in developing mesophyll of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Protoplasma 153: 141–148
— — (1991) Patterns of actin filaments during cell shaping in developing mesophyll of wheat (Triticum aestivum L). Eur J Cell Biol 56: 139–146
Meyer PJ (1962) Encyclopedia of plant anatomy — Das trophische Parenchym. A. Assimilationsgewebe. Borntraeger, Berlin, pp 37–46
Rös M, Wernicke W (1991) The first cell division cycle inNicotiana mesophyll protoplasts cultured in vitro. I. Methods to determine cycle kinetics. J Plant Physiol 138: 150–155
Seagull RW (1989) The plant cytoskeleton. CRC Crit Rev Plant Sci 8: 131–167
Wernicke W, Jung G (1992) Role of cytoskeleton in cell shaping of developing mesophyll of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Eur J Cell Biol 57: 88–94
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wernicke, W., Günther, P. & Jung, G. Microtubules and cell shaping in the mesophyll ofNigella damascena L.. Protoplasma 173, 8–12 (1993). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01378857
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01378857