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Associations among health-related behaviours: Sociodemographic variation in Finland

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Sozial- und Präventivmedizin

Summary

Objectives

The study examines sociodemographic variation in associations and co-occurrence of health behaviours that contribute to multifactorial chronic diseases.

Methods

Mantel-Haenszel odds ratios were used to examine pairwise associations among smoking, alcohol use, physical activity, and diet across categories of sociodemographic characteristics. Breslow-Day test for homogeneity was used to test for sociodemographic differences. In addition, co-occurrence of each two unhealthy behaviours was examined across sociodemographic groups using nationwide population survey data from 26 014 Finnish adults.

Results

Most of the health behaviours examined were interrelated and sociodemographic differences in the associations were few. Differences were inconsistent for all sociodemographic characteristics. Variation was observed only in the strength of the associations, not in their direction. However, due to unequal distribution of the individual behaviours, cooccurrence of unhealthy behaviours varied strongly across sociodemographic groups.

Conclusions

Associations between health behaviours were relatively similar across sociodemographic groups. Since co-occurrence of unhealthy behaviours depends on the prevalence of individual unhealthy behaviours and the strength of their association, their co-occurrence in any particular sociodemographic group was primarily determined by the prevalence of individual unhealthy behaviours.

Zusammenfassung

Fragestellung

Gegenstand der Untersuchung war die soziodemographische Variation im Zusammenhang und bei gleichzeitigem Auftreten von Gesundheitsverhaltensweisen, die zu chronischen Krankheiten beitragen.

Methoden

Mantel-Haenszel-Odds-Ratios wurden verwendet, um Zusammenhänge zwischen Rauchen, Alkoholkonsum, physischer Aktivität und Diät in den Kategorien mit soziodemographischen Merkmalen paarweise zu untersuchen. Der Breslow-Day-Homogenitätstest wurde benutzt, um soziodemographische Unterschiede zu untersuchen. Ausserdem wurde das gleichzeitige Auftreten von zwei ungesunden Verhaltensweisen in den soziodemographischen Gruppen anhand von Daten untersucht, die bei einer Bevölkerungsuntersuchung an 26 014 finnischen Erwachsenen landesweit erhoben wurden.

Ergebnisse

Die meisten überprüften Gesundheitsverhaltens-weisen standen in einem Zusammenhang miteinander, aber die Zusammenhänge zeigten nur wenige soziodemographische Unterschiede auf. Die Unterschiede waren für alle soziodemographischen Merkmale inkonsistent. Unterschiede wurden nur in der Intensität der Zusammenhänge, nicht in ihrer Richtung festgestellt. Aufgrund der ungleichmässigen Verteilung der individuellen Verhaltensweisen variierte ein gleichzeitiges Auftreten von ungesunden Verhaltensweisen jedoch stark innerhalb der soziodemographischen Gruppen.

Schlussfolgerungen

Die Zusammenhänge zwischen den gesundheitlichen Verhaltensweisen innerhalb der soziodemographischen Gruppen waren verhältnismässig gleich. Da gleichzeitiges Auftreten von ungesunden Verhaltensweisen vom Auftreten von individuellen ungesunden Verhaltensweisen und von der intensität ihrer Zusammenhänge abhängt, wurde ihr gleichzeitiges Auftreten in einer speziellen soziodemographischen Gruppe hauptsächlich beim Auftreten von individuellen ungesunden Verhaltensweisen festgestellt.

Résumé

Objectifs

L'étude porte sur la variation socio-démographique des associations et co-occurrences des comportements liés à la santé contribuant à des maladies chroniques multifactorielles.

Méthodes

L'odds-ratio de Mantel-Haenszel a été utilisé pour examiner par paires des associations entre le tabagisme, la consommation d'alcool, l'activité physique et les régimes alimentaires dans plusieurs catégories socio-démographiques. Le test d'homogénéité de Breslow-Day a été utilisé pour les différences socio-démographiques. En outre, la co-occurrence de deux comportements nuisibles à la santé a été examinée par catégorie socio-démographique en utilisant des données concernant 26 014 adultes finlandais.

Résultats

La plupart des comportements examinés étaient interconnectés et les différences socio-démographiques peu nombreuses. Les différences n'étaient pas en relation directe avec les caractéristiques socio-démographiques. Des variations ont été observées dans l'intensité des associations mais non dans leur direction. Cependant, en raison de la distribution inégale des comportements individuels, la co-occurrence des comportements nuisibles à santé variait fortement entre les groupes socio-démographiques.

Conclusions

La co-occurrence des comportements nuisibles à la santé dans tous les groupes socio-démographiques était principalement déterminée par la prédominance des comportements individuels.

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Correspondence to Mikko Laaksonen M.Sc..

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Laaksonen, M., Lahelma, E. & Prättälä, R. Associations among health-related behaviours: Sociodemographic variation in Finland. Soz Präventivmed 47, 225–232 (2002). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01326403

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