Summary
The RNA genome of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) was analysed for the degree of inverted complementarity and thus potential secondary structure using the procedure of Pustell and Kafatos [Nucleic Acids Res (1982) 10: 4765–4782]. Regions of crossover in 42 FMDV recombinants [King et al. (1985) Virus Res 3: 373–384; Saunders et al. (1985) J Virol 56: 921–929] and regions lacking crossovers were assigned an average secondary structure score against which the number of observed recombinants was plotted. In general it was found that the mean value of potential secondary structure is significantly higher in crossover zones than in recombination-free zones. Recombination increased much more steeply with increasing secondary structure in the part of the genome coding for non-structural proteins than in the 5′ third of the genome coding for structural proteins.
Article PDF
References
Baric RS, Shieh CK, Stohlman SA, Lai MMC (1987) Analysis of intracellular small RNAs of mouse hepatitis virus: evidence for discontinuous transcription. Virology 156: 342–354
Bujarski JJ, Kaesberg P (1986) Genetic recombination between RNA components of a multipartite plant virus. Nature 321: 528–531
Cech TR, Bass BL (1986) Biological catalysis by RNA. Annu Rev Biochem 55: 599–629
Cooper PD (1968) A genetic map of poliovirus temperature sensitive mutants. Virology 35: 584–596
Cooper PD (1977) Genetics of picornavirus. In: Fraenkel-Conrat H, Wagner R (eds) Comprehensive virology, vol 9. Plenum, New York, pp 133–207
Currey KM, Peterlin BM, Maizel JV Jr (1986) Secondary structure of poliovirus RNA: correlation of computer-predicted with electron microscopically observed structure. Virology 148: 33–46
Forss S, Strebel K, Beck E, Schaller H (1984) Nucleotide sequence and genome organization of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Nucleic Acids Res 12: 6587–6601
Hey TD, Richards OC, Ehrenfeld E (1986) Synthesis of plus- and minus-strand RNA from poliovirion RNA template in vitro. J Virol 58: 790–796
Hirst GK (1962) Genetic recombination with Newcastle disease virus, poliovirus and influenza. Cold Spring Harbor Symp Quant Biol 27: 303–308
Keck JG, Stohlman SA, Soe LH, Makino S, Lai, MMC (1987) Multiple recombination sites on the 5′-end of murine coronavirus RNA. Virology 156: 331–341
Keese P, Symons RH (1985) Domains in viroids: evidence of intermolecular RNA rearrangements and their contribution to viroid evolution. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 82: 4582–4586
Kew OM, Nottay BK (1984) Evolution of the oral polio vaccines in humans occurs by both mutation and intermolecular recombination. In: Chanock R, Lerner R (eds) Modern approaches to vaccines. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY, pp 357–362
King AMQ, McCahon D, Slade WR, Newman JWI (1982) Recombination in RNA. Cell 29: 921–928
King AMQ, McCahon D, Saunders K, Newman JWI, Slade WR (1985) Multiple sites of recombination within the RNA genome foot-and-mouth disease virus. Virus Res 3: 373–384
Kirkegaard K, Baltimore D (1986) The mechanism of RNA recombination in poliovirus. Cell 47: 433–443
Krug RM (1985) The role of RNA priming in viral and trypanosomal mRNA synthesis. Cell 41: 651–652
Kuge S, Saito I, Nomoto A (1986) Primary structure of poliovirus defective-interfering particle genomes and possible generation mechanisms of the particles. J Mol Biol 192: 473–487
Ledinko N (1963) Genetic recombination with poliovirus type 1. Studies of crosses between a normal horse serum-resistant mutant and several guanidine-resistant mutants of the same strain. Virology 20: 107–119
Makino S, Keck JG, Stohlman SA, Lai MMC (1986) High-frequency RNA recombination of murine coronaviruses. J Virol 57: 729–737
Minor PD, John A, Ferguson M, Icenogle JP (1986) Antigenic and molecular evolution of the vaccine strain of type 3 poliovirus during the period of excretion by a primary vaccinee. J Gen Virol 67: 693–706
McCahon D (1986) The genetics of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Rev Sci Tech Office Int Epizooties 5: 279–297
McCahon D, King AMQ, Roe DS, Slade WR, Newman JWI, Cleary AM (1985) Isolation and biochemical characterization of intertypic recombinants of foot-and-mouth disease virus. Virus Res 3: 87–100
McCahon D, Slade WR (1981) A sensitive method for the detection and isolation of recombinants of foot-and-mouth disease virus. J Gen Virol 53: 333–342
Patterson JL, Holloway B, Kolakofski D (1984) La Crosse virions contain a primerstimulated RNA polymerase and a methylated cap-dependent endonuclease. J Virol 52: 215–222
Pringle CR (1965) Evidence of genetic recombination in foot-and-mouth disease virus. Virology 25: 48–54
Pustell J, Kafatos FC (1982) A high speed, high capacity homology matrix: zooming through SV 40 and polyoma. Nucleic Acids Res 10: 4765–4782
Romanova LI, Blinov VM, Tolskaya EA, Victorova EG, Kolesnikova MS, Guseva EA, Agol VI (1986) The primary structure of crossover regions of intertypic poliovirus recombinations: a model of recombination between RNA genomes. Virology 155: 202–213
Romanova LI, Tolskaya EA, Kolesnikova MS, Agol VI (1980) Biochemical evidence for intertypic recombination of polioviruses. FEBS Lett 118: 109–112
Saunders K, King AMQ, McCahon D, Newman JWI, Slade WR, Forss S (1985) Recombination and oligonucleotide analysis of guanidine-resistant Foot-and-Mouth-Disease Virus mutants. J Virol 56: 921–929
Sharp PA (1985) On the origin of RNA splicing and introns. Cell 42: 397–400
Tolskaya EA, Romanova LI, Kolesnikova MS, Agol VI (1983) Intertypic recombination in poliovirus: genetic and biochemical studies. Virology 124: 121–132
Tolskaya EA, Romanova LI, Blinov VM, Victorova EG, Sinyakov AN, Kolesnikova MS, Agol VI (1987) Studies on the recombination between RNA genomes of poliovirus: the primary structure and nonrandom distribution of crossover regions in the genomes of intertypic poliovirus recombinants. Virology 161: 54–61
Zaug, AJ, Cech TR (1986) The intervening sequence ofTetrahymena is an enzyme. Science 231: 470–475
Zaug, AJ, Been MD, Cech TR (1986) TheTetrahymena ribozyme acts like an RNA restriction endonuclease. Nature 324: 429–433
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Member of the MRC Virology Unit.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wilson, V., Taylor, P. & Desselberger, U. Crossover regions in foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) recombinants correspond to regions of high local secondary structure. Archives of Virology 102, 131–139 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01315570
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01315570