Abstract
Isothermal convection in ferrofluids has been induced by a gradient in particle concentration antiparallel to a magnetic field gradient. The deviation of local particle concentration from its equilibrium value produced by the convective motion of the whole fluid gives rise to a corresponding spatial variation of magnetization. This variation has been observed by magnetic neutron scattering in good agreement with expectations based on flow measurements with an anemometric method.
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Odenbach, S., Schwahn, D. & Stierstadt, K. Evidence for diffusion-induced convection in ferrofluids from small-angle neutron scattering. Z. Physik B - Condensed Matter 96, 567–569 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01313857
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01313857