Abstract
A quantum field theory of free electron lasers is formulated and evaluated for the case of linear propagation and amplification of thermal noise and radiation emitted spontaneously and from shot noise.
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Graham, R., Isermann, S. Quantum theory of wave propagation and linear amplification in free electron lasers. Z. Physik B - Condensed Matter 75, 547–554 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01312534
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01312534