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Family practitioners' intervention against smoking in Germany and the UK: Does remuneration affect preventive activity?

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Sozial- und Präventivmedizin

Summary

The effect of different systems of remuneration on preventive activity of family practitioners (FPs) were studied. Interventions against smoking were compared in FPs' practices in Gemany and the UK. Almost 800 consecutively attending patients were included in a cross-sectional survey. Smoking prevalence was remarkably similar among German and British practice attenders. Slightly more than 50% of smokers in both countries remembered an intervention against their smoking by their FP or related staff. Multiple logistic regression analysis also showed that there was no significant difference for remembered interventions between the two countries (adjusted OR 1.15 [95%-Cl 0.6, 2.2]). The structure of interventions employed was similar in both countries. Most British and German ex-smokers denied that their FP had made an important contribution to their giving up smoking. There is evidence that, under capitation, FPs concentrate their activities on patients who are more at risk. Overall, however, the economic structure does not seem to influence the core of preventive behaviour of FPs to any great extent. Smoking cessation efforts in Family Practice need to be improved in both countries.

Zusammenfassung

Um die Auswirkungen verschiedener Vergütungssysteme auf präventive Aktivitäten von Allgemeinärzten abzuschätzen, wurden fast 800 Patienten aus deutschen und britischen Allgemeinpraxen in einen Querschnitt-Survey eingeschlossen. Erinnerte Interventionen gegen das Rauchen dienten als Indikator. Die Prävalenz des Rauchens in beiden Gruppen von Praxis-Patienten war identisch. An Interventionen gegen ihr Rauchen durch den Allgemeinarzt bzw. Personal konnten sich gut 50% der Raucher erinnern. Auch die multiple logistische Regression zeigt keine signifikanten Länder-Unterschiede (adjustiertes OR 1,15 [95%-Cl 0,6, 2,2]). Die Art der eingesetzten Interventionsformen entsprach sich weitgehend. Die meisten Ex-Raucher in beiden Ländern verneinten einen wesentlichen Beitrag ihrer Ärzte zu ihrer erfolgten Entwöhnung. Es finden sich Hinweise dafür, daß unter pauschalierter Vergütung Ärzte ihre Aktivitäten auf die stärker Betroffenen konzentrieren. Ansonsten scheint jedoch der ökonomische Hintergrund diesen Kernbereich des Versorgungshandelns nicht wesentlich zu beeinflussen. Bemühungen zur Raucherentwöhnung in Allgemeinpraxen sollten jedoch verstärkt werden.

Résumé

Afin d'étudier l'effet de différents systèmes de remunération sur les activités préventives de médecins généralistes contre le tabagisme nous avons inclus près de 800 patients de généralistes allemands et britanniques dans une étude transversale. Nous avons demandé aux patients de mentionner ceux des conseils contre le tabagisme donnés par leur médecin dont ils se souvenaient. La prévalence de fumeurs était presque identique dans les deux groupes. Un peu plus de la moitié des fumeurs se souvenait des mesures anti-tabac conseillées par leur médecin traitant. Nous ne pouvions pas mettre en évidence une différence significative concernant le nombre d'interventions (regression logistique multiple OR ajusté 1,15 [95% intervalle de confidence 0,6, 2,2]). Les mesures prises étaient pareilles dans les deux collectivités. La plupart des ex-fumeurs des deux pays ont nié que les conseils données par leurs généralistes aient eu un effet significatif sur l'arrêt de leur tabagisme. Il nous a semblé que le système de rémunération globale favorise une concentration des interventions sur les patients courant les plus grands risques. En outre, le système de rémunération ne semble pas influencer de façon significative ces activités préventives. Toutefois les activités qui visent à réduire la consommation de tabac devraient être intensifiées dans les deux pays étudiés.

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Donner-Banzhoff, N., Kreienbrock, L. & Baum, E. Family practitioners' intervention against smoking in Germany and the UK: Does remuneration affect preventive activity?. Soz Präventivmed 41, 224–230 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01299482

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