Skip to main content
Log in

Numerical steady state analysis of electronic circuits driven by multi-tone signals

Numerische Berechnung des eingeschwungenen Zustands elektronischer Schaltungen bei einer Mehrton-Erregung

  • Published:
Electrical Engineering Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Contents

Characteristics of analogue circuits such as intermodulation distortion and transfer characteristics can often be received from the steady state behavior. This paper presents a unified approach for the simulation of non-autonomous circuits with multi-tone excitation. The steady state is here regarded as the solution of a partial differential-algebraic equation. A suitable numerical method for its solution is a variational method with trigonometric basis functions. The Harmonic Balance technique based either on the multi-dimensional Fourier transformation or the Artificial Frequency Map technique can be interpreted as a special variant of this method.

Übersicht

Die Eigenschaften analoger Schaltungen, die etwa Intermodulationsverzerrungen und Übertragungscharakteristiken beschreiben, lassen sich häufig im eingeschwungenen Zustands ermitteln. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein vereinheitlichtes Verfahren zur Simulation von nicht-autonomen Schaltungen bei einer Mehrton-Erregung vor. Der eingeschwungene Zustand wird als spezielle Lösung einer partiellen Algebro-Differentialgleichung formuliert. Zur numerischen Berechnung eignen sich Variationsverfahren mit trigonometrischen Ansatzfunktionen. Interessant ist, daß das Verfahren der Harmonischen Balance, sowohl basierend auf einer mehrdimensionalen Fouriertransformation als auch basierend auf einer Transformation auf ein künstliches Hilfsspektrum, als spezielle Variante dieses Ansatzes angesehen werden kann.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Aprille, T. J.;Trick, T. N.: Steady-state analysis of nonlinear circuits with periodic inputs. Proc. of the IEEE 60 (1972) 108–114

    Google Scholar 

  2. Skelboe, S.: Time-domain steady-state analysis of nonlinear electrical systems. Proc. of the IEEE 70 (1982) 1210–1228

    Google Scholar 

  3. Urabe, M.: Galerkin's procedure for nonlinear periodic systems. Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 20 (1965) 120–152

    Google Scholar 

  4. Brachtendorf, H. G.: Simulation des eingeschwungenen Verhaltens elektronischer Schaltungen. Aachen: Shaker 1994

    Google Scholar 

  5. Kundert, K. S.;Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A.: Simulation of nonlinear circuits in the frequency domain. IEEE Trans. CAD 5 (1986) 521–535

    Google Scholar 

  6. Hente, D.;Jansen, R. H.: Frequency domain continuation method for the analysis and stability investigation of nonlinear microwave circuits. IEEE Proceedings 133 (1986) 351–362

    Google Scholar 

  7. Rösch, M.;Antreich, K.: Schnelle stationäre Simulation nichtlinearer Schaltungen im Frequenzbereich. AEÜ 46 (1992) 168–176

    Google Scholar 

  8. Kundert, K. S.: Steady-state methods for simulating analog circuits. Tech. Rept. ERL-M89/63. Berkeley: University of California 1989

    Google Scholar 

  9. Bava, G. P.;Benedetto, S.;Biglieri, E.;Filicori, F.;Monaco, V. A.;Naldi, C.;Pisani, U.;Pozzolo, V.: Modelling and performance simulation techniques of GaAs MESFET's for microwave power amplifiers. ESA-ESTEC Report. Holland: Noordwijk 1982

    Google Scholar 

  10. Ushida, A.;Chua, L. O.;Sugawara, T.: A substitution algorithm for solving nonlinear circuits with multi-frequency components. Int. J. Circ. Theor. Appl. 15 (1987) 327–355

    Google Scholar 

  11. Rizzoli, V.; Cecchetti, C.; Lipparini, A.: A general-purpose program for the analysis of nonlinear microwave circuits under multitone excitation by multi dimensional Fourier transform. Proc. 17th European Microwave Conf. (1987) 635–640

  12. Rizzoli, V.;Cecchetti, C.;Lipparini, A.;Mastri, F.: General-purpose harmonic balance analysis of nonlinear microwave circuits under multitone excitation. IEEE Trans. MTT 36 (1988) 1650–1660

    Google Scholar 

  13. Gayral, M.; Ngoya, E.; Quere, R.; Rousset, J.; Obregon, J.: The spectral balance: A general method for analysis of nonlinear microwave circuits driven by non-harmonically related generators. IEEE MTT-S (1987) 119–121

  14. Ngoya, E.;Rousset, J.;Gayral, M.;Quere, R.;Obregon, J.: Efficient algorithm for spectra calculations in nonlinear microwave circuits simulators. IEEE Trans. CAS 37 (1990) 1339–1355

    Google Scholar 

  15. Gilmore, R. J.; Rosenbaum, F. J.: Modeling of nonlinear distortion in GAAs MESFETs. IEEE Proc. MTT-S (1984) 430–431

  16. Gilmore, R.: Nonlinear circuit design using the modifield harmonic balance algorithm. IEEE Trans. MTT 34 (1986) 1294–1307

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ushida, A.;Chua, L. O.: Frequency-domain analysis of nonlinear circuits driven by multi-tone signals. IEEE Trans. CAS 31 (1984) 766–779

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kundert, K. S.;Sorking, G. B.;Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A.: Applying harmonic balance to almost-periodic circuits. IEEE Trans. CAD MTT 36 (1988) 366–379

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kundert, K. S.; Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A.: Simulation of nonlinear circuits in the frequency domain. IEEE Trans. CAD (1986) 521–535

  20. Feldmann, U.;Wever, U. A.;Zheng, Q.;Schultz, R.;Wriedt, H.: Algorithms for modern circuit simulation. AEU 46 (1992) 274–285

    Google Scholar 

  21. Duff, I. S.;Erisman, A. M.;Reid, J. K.: Direct methods for sparse matrices. New York: Oxford Science Publications 1986

    Google Scholar 

  22. Barrett, R.;Berry, M.;Chan, T. et al.: Templates for the Solution of Linear Systems: Building Blocks for Iterative Methods. Philadelphia: SIAM 1994

    Google Scholar 

  23. Chua, L. O.;Lin, P.-M.: Computer aided analysis of electronic circuits: algorithms and computational techniques. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall 1975

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

This paper is dedicated to Professor Dr. rer. nat. Walter L. Engl, RWTH Aachen, on the occasion of his 70th birthday.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Brachtendorf, H.G., Welsch, G., Laur, R. et al. Numerical steady state analysis of electronic circuits driven by multi-tone signals. Electrical Engineering 79, 103–112 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01232919

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01232919

Keywords

Navigation