Contents
Characteristics of analogue circuits such as intermodulation distortion and transfer characteristics can often be received from the steady state behavior. This paper presents a unified approach for the simulation of non-autonomous circuits with multi-tone excitation. The steady state is here regarded as the solution of a partial differential-algebraic equation. A suitable numerical method for its solution is a variational method with trigonometric basis functions. The Harmonic Balance technique based either on the multi-dimensional Fourier transformation or the Artificial Frequency Map technique can be interpreted as a special variant of this method.
Übersicht
Die Eigenschaften analoger Schaltungen, die etwa Intermodulationsverzerrungen und Übertragungscharakteristiken beschreiben, lassen sich häufig im eingeschwungenen Zustands ermitteln. Dieser Beitrag stellt ein vereinheitlichtes Verfahren zur Simulation von nicht-autonomen Schaltungen bei einer Mehrton-Erregung vor. Der eingeschwungene Zustand wird als spezielle Lösung einer partiellen Algebro-Differentialgleichung formuliert. Zur numerischen Berechnung eignen sich Variationsverfahren mit trigonometrischen Ansatzfunktionen. Interessant ist, daß das Verfahren der Harmonischen Balance, sowohl basierend auf einer mehrdimensionalen Fouriertransformation als auch basierend auf einer Transformation auf ein künstliches Hilfsspektrum, als spezielle Variante dieses Ansatzes angesehen werden kann.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Aprille, T. J.;Trick, T. N.: Steady-state analysis of nonlinear circuits with periodic inputs. Proc. of the IEEE 60 (1972) 108–114
Skelboe, S.: Time-domain steady-state analysis of nonlinear electrical systems. Proc. of the IEEE 70 (1982) 1210–1228
Urabe, M.: Galerkin's procedure for nonlinear periodic systems. Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 20 (1965) 120–152
Brachtendorf, H. G.: Simulation des eingeschwungenen Verhaltens elektronischer Schaltungen. Aachen: Shaker 1994
Kundert, K. S.;Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A.: Simulation of nonlinear circuits in the frequency domain. IEEE Trans. CAD 5 (1986) 521–535
Hente, D.;Jansen, R. H.: Frequency domain continuation method for the analysis and stability investigation of nonlinear microwave circuits. IEEE Proceedings 133 (1986) 351–362
Rösch, M.;Antreich, K.: Schnelle stationäre Simulation nichtlinearer Schaltungen im Frequenzbereich. AEÜ 46 (1992) 168–176
Kundert, K. S.: Steady-state methods for simulating analog circuits. Tech. Rept. ERL-M89/63. Berkeley: University of California 1989
Bava, G. P.;Benedetto, S.;Biglieri, E.;Filicori, F.;Monaco, V. A.;Naldi, C.;Pisani, U.;Pozzolo, V.: Modelling and performance simulation techniques of GaAs MESFET's for microwave power amplifiers. ESA-ESTEC Report. Holland: Noordwijk 1982
Ushida, A.;Chua, L. O.;Sugawara, T.: A substitution algorithm for solving nonlinear circuits with multi-frequency components. Int. J. Circ. Theor. Appl. 15 (1987) 327–355
Rizzoli, V.; Cecchetti, C.; Lipparini, A.: A general-purpose program for the analysis of nonlinear microwave circuits under multitone excitation by multi dimensional Fourier transform. Proc. 17th European Microwave Conf. (1987) 635–640
Rizzoli, V.;Cecchetti, C.;Lipparini, A.;Mastri, F.: General-purpose harmonic balance analysis of nonlinear microwave circuits under multitone excitation. IEEE Trans. MTT 36 (1988) 1650–1660
Gayral, M.; Ngoya, E.; Quere, R.; Rousset, J.; Obregon, J.: The spectral balance: A general method for analysis of nonlinear microwave circuits driven by non-harmonically related generators. IEEE MTT-S (1987) 119–121
Ngoya, E.;Rousset, J.;Gayral, M.;Quere, R.;Obregon, J.: Efficient algorithm for spectra calculations in nonlinear microwave circuits simulators. IEEE Trans. CAS 37 (1990) 1339–1355
Gilmore, R. J.; Rosenbaum, F. J.: Modeling of nonlinear distortion in GAAs MESFETs. IEEE Proc. MTT-S (1984) 430–431
Gilmore, R.: Nonlinear circuit design using the modifield harmonic balance algorithm. IEEE Trans. MTT 34 (1986) 1294–1307
Ushida, A.;Chua, L. O.: Frequency-domain analysis of nonlinear circuits driven by multi-tone signals. IEEE Trans. CAS 31 (1984) 766–779
Kundert, K. S.;Sorking, G. B.;Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A.: Applying harmonic balance to almost-periodic circuits. IEEE Trans. CAD MTT 36 (1988) 366–379
Kundert, K. S.; Sangiovanni-Vincentelli, A.: Simulation of nonlinear circuits in the frequency domain. IEEE Trans. CAD (1986) 521–535
Feldmann, U.;Wever, U. A.;Zheng, Q.;Schultz, R.;Wriedt, H.: Algorithms for modern circuit simulation. AEU 46 (1992) 274–285
Duff, I. S.;Erisman, A. M.;Reid, J. K.: Direct methods for sparse matrices. New York: Oxford Science Publications 1986
Barrett, R.;Berry, M.;Chan, T. et al.: Templates for the Solution of Linear Systems: Building Blocks for Iterative Methods. Philadelphia: SIAM 1994
Chua, L. O.;Lin, P.-M.: Computer aided analysis of electronic circuits: algorithms and computational techniques. Englewood Cliffs NJ: Prentice Hall 1975
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
This paper is dedicated to Professor Dr. rer. nat. Walter L. Engl, RWTH Aachen, on the occasion of his 70th birthday.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Brachtendorf, H.G., Welsch, G., Laur, R. et al. Numerical steady state analysis of electronic circuits driven by multi-tone signals. Electrical Engineering 79, 103–112 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01232919
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01232919