Abstract
Electron microscopy investigations have been conducted on the oxides formed on Fe and Fe-Cr alloys at elevated temperatures (700–800‡C) and at low oxygen partial pressures (∼10−3Pa). Oxide nucleation and growth on chromium-rich iron alloys are significantly different from that for pure iron. On pure Fe and on Fe-3%Cr, wustite and magnetite particles nucleate and grow out of the surface, while on the higher Cr-containing alloys (≥9 wt. % Cr) the spinel oxide (Fe, Cr)3O4 nucleates and grows into the metal. The differences in oxide formation in the early stages of oxidation are explained in terms of the diffusion of different species being rate-controlling and in terms of rapid diffusion, for example, at the metal-oxide interface.
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Kuroda, K., Labun, P.A., Welsch, G. et al. Oxide-formation characteristics in the early stages of oxidation of Fe and Fe-Cr alloys. Oxid Met 19, 117–127 (1983). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01225979
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01225979