Skip to main content
Log in

Action systems, unbounded nondeterminism, and infinite traces

  • Published:
Formal Aspects of Computing

Abstract

Morgan [Mor90a] has described a correspondence between Back's action systems [BKS83] and the conventionalfailures-divergences model of Hoare'scommunicating sequential processes (CSP) formalism [Hoa85]. However, the CSP failures-divergences model does not treat unbounded nondeterminism, although unbounded nondeterminism arises quite naturally in action systems; to that extent, the correspondence between the two approaches is inadequate.

Fortunately there is an extendedinfinite traces model of CSP [RoB89] which treats unbounded nondeterminism. We extend the CSP-action system correspondence, using that model instead, to take the unbounded nondeterminism of action systems properly into account.

In passing, we develop a definition of the weakest precondition under which an infinite heterogeneous trace of actions is enabled.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Back, R.J.R.:Correctness Preserving Program Refinements: Proof Theory and Applications. Tract 131, Mathematisch Centrum, Amsterdam, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Back, R.J.R.: Refining atomicity in parallel algorithms. InPARLE'89, volume LNCS 366. Springer-Verlag, 1989.

  3. Back, R.J.R.: Refinement calculus II: Parallel and reactive systems. In J.W. de Bakker, W.P. de Roever, and G. Rozenberg, editors,Stepwise Refinement of Distributed Systems, volume LNCS 430. Springer-Verlag, 1990.

  4. Back, R.J.R.: Refinement calculus, lattices and higher order logic. InMarktoberdorf International Summer School — Program Design Calculi, July 1992.

  5. Back, R.J.R. and Kurki-Suonio, R.: Decentralisation of process nets with centralised control. In2nd ACM SIGACT-SIGOPS Symp. on Principles of Distributed Computing, pages 131–142, 1983.

  6. Back, R.J.R. and Sere, K.: Deriving an occam implementation of action systems. In C.C. Morgan and J.C.P. Woodcock, editors,3rd BCS-FACS Refinement Workshop. Springer-Verlag, 1990.

  7. Butler, M.J.:A CSP Approach To Action Systems. D.Phil. Thesis, Programming Research Group, Oxford University, 1992.

  8. Dijkstra, E.W.:A Discipline of Programming. Prentice-Hall, 1976.

  9. He, J.: Process refinement. In J. McDermid, editor,The Theory and Practice of Refinement. Butterworths, 1989.

  10. Hoare, C.A.R.:Communicating Sequential Processes. Prentice-Hall, 1985.

  11. Hitchcock, P. and Park, D.: Induction rules and termination proofs. InIRIA Conference on Automata Languages and Programming Theory, France, 1972.

  12. Jones, G. and Goldsmith, M.:Programming in occam 2. Prentice-Hall, 1988.

  13. Josephs, M.B.: A state-based approach to communicating sequential processes.Distributed Computing, 3:9–18, 1988.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Morgan, C.C.:Parallel Programming Without Synchronisation. Ph.D. Thesis, University of Sydney, 1979.

  15. Morgan, C.C.: The specification statement.ACM Trans. Prog. Lang. and Sys., 10(3), 1988. Reprinted in [MRG88].

  16. Morgan, C.C.: Of wp and CSP. In W.H.J. Feijen, A.J.M. van Gasteren, D. Gries, and J. Misra, editors,Beauty is our business: a birthday salute to Edsger W. Dijkstra. Springer-Verlag, 1990.

  17. Morgan, C.C.:Programming from Specifications. Prentice-Hall, 1990.

  18. Morgan, C.C., Robinson, K.A. and Gardiner, P.H.B.:On the Refinement Calculus. Technical Monograph PRG-70, Programming Research Group, Oxford University, October 1988.

  19. Morris, J.M.: A theoretical basis for stepwise refinement and the programming calculus.Sci. Comp. Prog., 9(3):298–306, 1987.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Nelson, G.: A generalization of Dijkstra's calculus.ACM Trans. Prog. Lang. Sys., 11(4):517–561, 1989.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Roscoe, A.W. and Barrett, G.:Unbounded Nondeterminism in CSP. InMFPS '89, volume LNCS 298. Springer-Verlag, 1989.

  22. Roscoe, A.W.:Unbounded Nondeterminism in CSP.J. Logic Computat., 3(2): 131–172, 1993.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Tarski, A.: A lattice-theoretic fixpoint theorem and its applications.Pacific Journal Math., 5, 1955.

  24. Woodcock, J.C.P. and Morgan, C.C.: Refinement of state-based concurrent systems. In D. Bjørner, C.A.R. Hoare, and H. Langmaack, editors,VDM '90, volume LNCS 428. Springer-Verlag, 1990.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Funded by Broadcom Éireann Research Ltd, Dublin.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Butler, M., Morgan, C. Action systems, unbounded nondeterminism, and infinite traces. Formal Aspects of Computing 7, 37–53 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01214622

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01214622

Keywords

Navigation