Zusammenfassung
Zur Charakterisierung der Metamorphose-Fazies des oberkretazischen Kristallins wurde ein Profil bei Lendas im Asterousia-Gebirge an der Südküste Kretas gewählt. Der Kristallin-Komplex besteht dort — vom Liegenden zum Hangenden — aus massigen Ortho-Amphiboliten, die neben Plagioklas und Magnesiohornblende Diopsid enthalten können, aus Cordierit-Granat-Sillimanit-Biotit-Gneisen sowie aus einer kalksilikatischen Serie mit salitischem Pyroxen, Pargasit, Magnesiohornblende, Cummingtonit, Granat der Grossular-Andradit-Reihe, Wollastonit und Skapolith. In die kalksilikatische Serie sind Anthophyllit, Tremolit, Olivin und Orthopyroxen führende Meta-Ultrabasite eingeschaltet.
Die Mineralparagenesen in den vier klassischen Stoffbeständen — basaltisch, pelitisch, kieselig-kalkig, ultrabasisch — ermöglichen eine detaillierte Charakterisierung der Metamorphose-Fazies. An Hand dieser Paragenesen und der Mg/Fe2+-Verhältnisse in Cordierit und Granat wurden für die Metamorphose Temperaturen zwischen 650 und 700°C und Drucke zwischen 4 und 6 kbar abgeschätzt.
Summary
Late Cretaceous metamorphites, investigated in a profile near Lendas/Asterousia Mountains (southern coast of Crete), consist of the following lithological units (from the base to the top): massive ortho-amphibolites, which may contain diopside besides plagioclase and magnesiohornblende; cordierite-garnet-sillimanite-biotite gneisses; calc-silicate rocks and marbles with salitic pyroxene, pargasite, magnesio-homblende, cummingtonite, grossular-andradite garnet, wollastonite, and scapolite. Meta-ultramafics with anthophyllite, tremolite, olivine, and orthopyroxene are intercalated with the calc-silicate series.
The mineral parageneses in the four classic bulk rock compositions — basic, pelitic, siliceous-calcareous, and ultrabasic — afford an opportunity to characterize the metamorphic facies in detail. From these parageneses, and from the Mg/Fe2+ ratios of coexisting cordierite and garnet, temperatures between 650 and 700°C and pressures between 4 and 6 kbar have been estimated for the conditions of metamorphism.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Literatur
Blümel, P., Schreyer, W., 1976: Progressive regional low-pressure metamorphism in the Moldanubian metapelites of the northern Bavarian Forest, Germany. Krystalinikum12, 7–30.
Bonneau, M., 1972: La nappe métamorphique de l'Asteroussia, lambeaux d'affinités pélagoniennes charrie jusque sur la zone de Tripolitza de la Crète moyenne (Grèce). C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris275, 2303–2306.
— 1973: Les différentes “series ophiolitifères” de la Crète: une mise au point. C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris276, 1249–1252.
— 1976: Esquisse structurale de la Crète alpine. Bull. Soc. géol. France (7)18, 351–353.
Chatterjee, N. D., Johannes, W. 1974: Thermals stability and standard thermodynamic properties of synthetic 2M 1-muscovite, KAl2 (AlSi3O10(OH)2). Contr. Min. Petrol.48, 89–114
Chernosky, J. V., 1976: The stability of anthophyllite—a re-evaluation based on new experimental data. Amer. Min.61, 1145–1155.
Dürr, S., Seidel, E., Kreuzer, H., Harre, W., 1978a: Témoins d'un métamorphisme d'âge crétacé supérieur dans l'Égéide: datations radiométriques de minéraux provenant de l'ile de Nikouriá (Cyclades, Grèce). Bull. Soc. géol. France (7),20, 209–213.
Dürr, S., Altherr, R., Keller, J., Okrusch, M., Seidel, E. 1978b: The median aegean crystalline belt: stratigraphy, structure, metamorphism, magmatism. In: Alps, Apennines, Hellenides (Closs, H., Roeder, D., Schmidt, K. eds.), IUGS Rep. No. 38, 455–477.
Evans, B. W., 1977: Metamorphism of Alpine peridotite and serpentinite. Ann. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci.5, 397–447.
— 1970. Regional metamorphism of ultramafic rocks in the Central Alps: parageneses in the system CaO−MgO−SiO2−H2O. Schweiz. Min. Petr. Mitt.50, 481–492.
Goldsmith, J. R., Newton, R. C. 1977 Scapolite-plagioclase stability relations at high pressures and temperatures in the system NaAlSi3O8−CaAl2Si2O8−CaCO3−CaSO4. Amer. Min.62, 1063–1081.
Greenwood, H. J., 1963: The synthesis and stability of anthophyllite. J. Petrol.4, 317–351.
Helgeson, H. C., Delany, J. M., Nesbitt, H. W., Bird, D. K., 1978: Summary and critique of the thermodynamic properties of rock-forming minerals. Amer. J. Sci.278-A, 1–229.
Hemley, J. J., Montoya, J. W., Shaw, D. R., Luce, R. W., 1977: Mineral equilibria in the MgO−SiO2−H2O-system: II. Tale-antigorite-forsterite-anthophyllite-enstatite stability relations and some geologic implications in the system. Amer. J. Sci.277, 353–383.
Hietanen, A., 1967: Scapolite in the Belt Series in the St. Joe-Clerwater region, Idaho. Geol. Soc. Amer. Bull., Sp. Pap.86.
Holdaway, M. J., 1971: Stability of andalusite and the aluminium silicate phase diagram. Amer. J. Sci.271, 97–131.
—,Lee, S. M., 1977: Fe−Mg-cordierite stability in high-grade pelitic rocks based on experimental, theoretical and natural observation. Contr. Min. Petrol.63, 175–198.
Kerrick, D. M., 1972: Experimental determination of muscovite+quartz stability with PH2O<Ptotal. Amer. J. Sci.272, 946–958.
Luth, W. C., Jahns, R. H., Tuttle, O. F. 1964: The granite system at pressures of 4 to 10 kb. J. Geophys. Res.69, 759–773.
Metz, P., 1970: Experimentelle Untersuchungen der Metamorphose von kieselig dolomitischen Sedimenten. II. Die Bildungsbedingungen des Diopsids. Contr. Min. Petrol.28, 221–250.
Misch, P. H., 1964: Stable association wollastonite-anorthite, and other calcsilicate assemblages in amphibolite-facies crystalline schists of Nanga Parbat, northwest Himalayas. Beitr. Min. Petr.10, 315–356.
Mukherjee, A., Rege, S. M., 1972: Stability of wollastonite in the granulite facies: some evidences from the Eastern Ghats, India. N. Jb. Min. Abh.118, 23–42.
Odin, G. S. (ed.), 1982. Numerical Dating in Stratigraphy, 2 Vol., 1040 pp. Chichester: J. Wiley and Sons.
Papike, J. J., Cameron, K. L., Baldwin, K., 1974: Amphiboles and pyroxenes: characterization of other than quadrilateral components and estimates of ferric iron from microprobe data. Geol. Soc. Amer., Abstr. with progr.6.
Reinecke, T., Altherr, R., Hartung, B., Hatzipanagiotou, K., Kreuzer, H., Harre, W., Klein, H., Keller, J., Geenen, E., Böger, H., 1982: Remnants of a Late Cretaceous high temperature belt on the island of Anáfi (Cyclades, Greece). N. Jb. Min. Abh.145, 157–182.
Rice, J. M., Evans, B. W., Trommsdorff, V., 1974: Widespread occurrence of magnesiocummingtonite in ultramafic schists, Cima die Gagnone, Ticino, Switzerland. Contr. Min. Petrol.43, 245–251.
Ryburn, R. J., Råheim, A., Green, D. H., 1976: Determination of the P, T paths of natural eclogites during metamorphism—record of subduction. Lithos9, 161–164.
Seidel, E., Okrusch, M., Kreuzer, H., Raschka, H., Harre, W., 1976: Eo-alpine metamorphism in the uppermost unit of the Cretan nappe system—petrology and geochronology. Part 1. The Léndas Area (Asteroúsia Mountains). Contr. Min. Petrol.57, 259–275.
—Schliestedt M., Kreuzer H. Harre, W., 1977: Metamorphic rocks of late Jurassic age as components of the ophiolitic mélange on Gavdos and Crete (Greece). Geol. Jb.28, 3–21.
—,Okrusch, M., Kreuzer, H., Raschka, H., Harre, W., 1981: Eo-alpine metamorphism in the uppermost unit of the Cretan nappe system—petrology and geochronology. Part 2. Synopsis of high-temperature metamorphics and associated ophiolites. Contr. Min. Petrol.76, 351–361.
Seifert, F. 1978: Bedeutung und Nachweis von thermodynamischem Gleichgewicht und die Interpretation von Ungleichgewichten. Fortschr. Min.55, 111–134.
Steiger, R. H., Jäger, E., 1977: Subcommission on Geochronology: Convention on the use of decay constants in geo-and cosmochronology. Earth Planet. Sci. Lett.36, 359–362.
Thompson, A. B., 1976: Mineral reactions in pelitic rocks. II. Calculation of some P-T-X (Fe−Mg) phase relations. Amer. J. Sci.276, 425–454.
Thorbecke, G., 1973: Die Gesteine der Ophiolith-Decke von Anoja/Mittelkreta. Ber. Naturf. Ges. Freiburg i. Br.63, 81–92.
Troeger, W. E., 1971: Optische Bestimmung der gesteinsbildenden Minerale. Teil 1. Bestimmungstabellen. Stuttgart: Schweizerbart.
Trommsdorff, V., 1968: Mineralreaktionen mit Wollastonit und Vesuvian in einem Kalksilikatfels der alpinen Disthenzone (Claro, Tessin). Schweiz. Min. Petr. Mitt.48, 655–666.
— 1983: Metamorphose magnesiumreicher Gesteine: Kritischer Vergleich von Natur, Experiment und thermodynamischer Datenbasis. Fortschr. Min.61, 283–308.
—,Evans, B. W., 1974, Alpine metamorphism of peridotitic rocks. Schweiz. Min. Petr. Min.54, 333–352.
Winkler, H. G. F., 1967: Die Genese der metamorphen Gesteine 2. Aufl. Berlin-Heidelberg-New York. Springer.
Yoder, H. S., Sahama, T. G., 1957: Olivine X-ray determinative curve. Amer. Min.42, 475–491.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Additional information
Mit 6 Abbildungen
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Koepke, J., Seidel, E. Oberkretazisches Kristallin an der Basis von Ophiolithen der Südägäis: Charakterisierung der Metamorphose-Fazies. TMPM Tschermaks Petr. Mitt. 33, 263–286 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01082673
Received:
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01082673