Abstract
The toxic effects of vanadium pentoxide were investigated following chronic exposure. Rats were exposed intratracheally once a month (0.56 mg V2O5/kg) for 12 months. Body weight gain of exposed animals slowed down following the 10th treatment when compared to the corresponding controls. Lung weights were significantly greater than controls; however, other organ weights were not changed. Blood glucose of treated animals was slightly decreased whereas blood total cholesterol was reduced markedly. Thein vitro experiments were performed to explain the mechanism of chronic toxic effects. The results of these experiments confirmed that vanadium(V) undergoes one-electron redox cycling in rat lung biomembranes and that reoxidation of vanadium(IV) initiates lipid peroxidation under aerobic conditions. The lung is the primary target organ during the intratracheal exposure to V2O5. It is postulated that free-radical redox cycling of vanadium may be responsible for the observed pulmonary toxicity.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Al-Laith M, Pearce FL (1989) Some further characteristics of histamine secretion from rat mast cells stimulated with sodium orthovanadate. Agents Actions 27:65–67
Autor AP, Schmitt SL (1977) Pulmonary fibrosis and paraquat toxicity. In: Autor AP (ed.) Biochemical mechanisms of paraquat toxicity. Academic Press, New York pp 175–186
Bruech M, Quintanilla ME, Legrum W, Koch J, Netter KJ, Fuhrmann GF (1984) Effects of vanadate on intracellular reduction equivalents in mouse liver and the fate of vanadium in plasma, erythrocytes and liver. Toxicology 31:283–295
Byczkowski JZ, Zychlinski L, Tluczkiewicz J (1979) Interaction of vanadate with respiratory chain of rat liver and wheat seedling mitochondria. Int J Biochem 10:1007–1011
Byczkowski JZ, Gessner T (1988) Biological role of superoxide ionradical. Minireview. Int J Biochem 20:569–580
Byczkowski JZ, Sorenson JRJ (1984) Effects of metal compounds on mitochondrial function: A review. Sci Total Environ 37:133–162
Byczkowski JZ, Wan B, Kulkarni AP (1988) Vanadium-mediated lipid peroxidation in microsomes from human term placenta. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 41:696–703
Chvapil M, Peng YM (1975) Oxygen and lung fibrosis. Arch Environ Health 30:528–532
Coulombe JrRA, Briskin DP, Keller RJ, Thornley WR, Sharma RP (1987) Vanadate-dependent oxidation of pyridine nucleotides in rat liver microsomal membranes. Arch Biochem Biophys 255: 267–273
Crapo JD (1986) Morphologic changes in pulmonary oxygen toxicity. Ann Rev Physiol 48:721–731
Czarnowski W, Zychlinski L, Zawistowski S, Byczkowski S (1978) Effect of intratracheal administration of vanadium pentoxide on some organs and lung hydroxyproline level in rat. Bromat ChemToksykol 11:191–196
Darr D, Fridovich I (1984) Vanadate and molybdate stimulate the oxidation of NADH by Superoxide radical. Arch Biochem Biophys 232:562–565
Donaldson J, Hemming R, LaBella F (1985) Vanadium exposure enhances lipid peroxidation in the kidney of rats and mice. Canad J Physiol Pharmacol 63:196–199
Donaldson J, LaBella F (1983) Prooxidant properties of vanadatein vitro on catecholamines and on lipid peroxidation by mouse and rat tissues. J Toxicol Environm Health 12:119–126
Fantone JC, Phan SH (1988) Oxygen metabolite detoxifying enzyme levels in bleomycin-induced fibrotic lungs. Free Radical Biol Med 4:399–402
Johnson KJ, Fantone JC, Kaplan J, Ward PA (1981)In vivo damage of rat lungs by oxygen metabolites. J Clin Invest 67:983–993
Keller RJ, Coulombe RA, Sharma RP, Grover TA, Piette LH (1989) Oxidation of NADH by vanadium compounds in the presence of thiols. Arch Biochem Biophys 271:40–48
Kowalska M (1989) Changes in rat lung collagen after life-time treatment with vanadium. Toxicol Lett 47:185–190
Liochev S, Fridovich I (1987) The oxidation of NADH by tetravalent vanadium. Arch Biochem Biophys 255:274–278
—,— (1988) Superoxide is responsible for the vanadate stimulation of NAD(P)H oxidation by biological membranes. Arch Biochem Biophys 263:299–304
—,— (1989) Vanadate-stimulated oxidation of NAD(P)H. Free Radical Biol Med 6:617–622
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193: 265–275
Patole MS, Kurup CKR, Ramasarma T (1986) Reduction of vanadate by a microsomal redox system. Biochem Biophys Res Comm 141:171–175
Stankiewicz PJ (1989) Vanadium(IV)-stimulated hydrolysis of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate. Arch Biochem Biophys 270:489–494
Ueki H, Sera M, Tanaka K (1989) Stimulatory release of lipoprotein lipase activity from rat fat pads by vanadate. Arch Biochem Biophys 272:18–24
Weinbach EC (1961) A procedure for isolating stable mitochondria from rat liver and kidney. Anal Biochem 2:335–343
Younes M, Albrecht M, Siegers CP (1984) Lipid peroxidation and lysosomal enzyme release induced by vanadatein vitro. Res Comm Chem Pathol Pharmacol 43:487–495
Zaporowska H, Wasilewski W (1989) Some selected peripheral blood and haemopoietic system indices in Wistar rats with chronic vanadium intoxication. Comp Biochem Physiol 93C: 175–180
Zychlinski L (1980) Toxicological appraisal of work-places exposed to dust containing vanadium pentoxide. Bromat Chem Toksykol 8:195–199
Zychlinski L, Byczkowski JZ (1978) Oxido-reduction properties of vanadium in rat liver mitochondria. 12th Fedn Europ Biochem Soc Meeting in Dresden, Abstracts, p 1720
—,— (1989) Effects of intratracheal V205 administration on rat liver mitochondria. Toxicologist 9:132 (528)
—,— (1990) Inhibitory effects of vanadium pentoxide on respiration of rat liver mitochondria. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 19:138–143
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Zychlinski, L., Byczkowski, J.Z. & Kulkarni, A.P. Toxic effects of long-term intratracheal administration of vanadium pentoxide in rats. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 20, 295–298 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01064393
Received:
Revised:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01064393