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Embryotoxicity of benzothiazoles, benzenesulfohydrazide, and dithiodimorpholine to the chicken embryo

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Abstract

Benzothiazole accelerators, 2-mercaptobenzimidazole, benzenesulfohydrazide, pentachlorothiophenol, a mixture of alkylphenoldisulfides, alkylphenylformaldehyde resin, and 4,4′-dithiodimorpholine, were tested on three-day chicken embryos for embryotoxicity. The parameters measured were early deaths, recorded within two days of injection, late deaths of malformed embryos, late deaths of non-malformed embryos, and malformed survivors. The most embryotoxic of the chemicals was 4,4′-dithiodimorpholine. Next in potency wereN-t-butylbenzothiazylsulfenamide,N-oxidiethylene-2-benzothiazylsulfenamide and benzenesulfohydrazide. ED50 values for total effect, including deaths and malformations, varied from 0.09μmoles per egg to 2.6μmoles per egg for these chemicals. 4,4′-dithiodimorpholine caused the highest frequencies of malformations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Institute of Occupational Health, Haartmaninkatu 1, SF-00290, Helsinki 29, Finland

    A. Korhonen, K. Hemminki & H. Vainio

Authors
  1. A. Korhonen
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  2. K. Hemminki
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  3. H. Vainio
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Korhonen, A., Hemminki, K. & Vainio, H. Embryotoxicity of benzothiazoles, benzenesulfohydrazide, and dithiodimorpholine to the chicken embryo. Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. 11, 753–759 (1982). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01059164

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01059164

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