Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Recent results on the application of electron cyclotron heating to tokamaks

  • Published:
Journal of Fusion Energy Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Many experiments using Electron Cyclotron Heating (ECH) of plasmas in tokamaks have been reported over the past several years. At a power level of 4 MW, ECH has achieved electron temperatures as high as 10 keV in the T-10 tokamak, and the H-mode has been attained in divertor discharges in DIII-D and JFT-2M. Regarding global energy confinement in either L-mode or Hmode, ECH appears to be quite similar in efficiency to neutral injection, but in addition to bulk heating it has been useful for many purposes, including study of local electron heat diffusivity through pulse-modulated heating; suppression of sawteeth, Edge Localized Modes, and other MHD activity; suppression of disruptions; preionization and startup; and current drive. In this paper, progress in these areas which has been reported since the IAEA meeting in 1986 will be summarized.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. C. P. Moeller, R. Prater, A. C. Riviere,et al. (1987).Proceedings of the 6th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating, Oxford, Culham Report CLM-ECR, p. 355.

  2. M. Bornatici,et al. (1983).Nucl. Fusion,23, 1153.

    Google Scholar 

  3. R. Prater (1985).Course and Workshop on Applications of RF Waves to Tokamak Plasmas (International School of Plasma Physics, Italy), p. 354.

    Google Scholar 

  4. A. C. Riviere (1987).Applications of Radio-Frequency Power to Plasmas: Seventh Topical Conference, Kissimmee, FL, 1987 (American Institute of Physics, New York), p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  5. A. H. Kritz, H. Hsuan, R. C. Goldfinger, and D. B. Batchelor (1982).Proceedings of the 3rd Joint Varenna-Grenoble International Symposium on Heating in Toroidal Plasmas, Grenoble, Euratom Report EUR7979EN, II, 707 (this code was extended to noncircular tokamaks by G. R. Smith and others of Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory).

  6. R. Prater, N. H. Brooks, K. H. Burrell,et al. (1988).Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Nice, Italy, E-1-2.

  7. M. Ashraf, R. Barnsley, N. Delayanakis,et al. (1988).Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Nice, Italy, E-1-3.

  8. FOM-ECRH Team and Equipe TFR (1987).Proceedings of the 6th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating, Oxford, Culham Report CLM-ECR, p. 257.

  9. V. V. Alikaev, A. A. Bagdasarov, N. L. Vasin,et al. (1987).Sov. J. Plasma Phys. 13, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  10. V. V. Alikaev, A. A. Bagdasarov, Yu. V. Balabanov,et al. (1988).Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Nice, Italy, E-1-1.

  11. V. S. Strelkov (1989).Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics, Venice, Italy.

  12. B. Stallard, D. Content, R. Groebner,et al. (1989). Heating and confinement in H-mode and L-mode plasmas in DIII-D using outside launch ECH, General Atomics Report GA-A19349,Nucl. Fusion. Submitted.

  13. J. Lohr, T. Edlington, V. Hin,et al. (1989). Recent electron cyclotron heating experiments with low field launch of the ordinary mode on the DIII-D tokamak, General Atomics Report GA-A19634.

  14. S. M. Kaye and R. J. Goldston (1985).Nucl. Fusion,25, 65.

    Google Scholar 

  15. V. Alikaev, A. Bagdasarov, E. Berezovskii,et al. (1987).Plasma Phys. Cont. Fusion,29, 1285.

    Google Scholar 

  16. G. L. Jahns, S. K. Wong, R. Prater,et al. (1986).Nucl. Fusion,26, 226.

    Google Scholar 

  17. TFR Group and FOM ECRH Team (1988).Nucl. Fusion,28, 1995.

    Google Scholar 

  18. N. Delayanakis, M. Cox, M. R. O'Brien,et al. (1987).Proceedings of the 6th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating, Oxford, Culham Report CLM-ECR, p. 247.

  19. M. Ashraf, C. Bishop, J. W. Connor,et al. (1988).Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Nice, Italy, A-V-2-1.

  20. R. Stockdale, K. H. Burrell, and W. M. Tang (1988).Bull. Am. Phys. Soc,33, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  21. D. C. Sing, M. E. Austin, R. V. Bravenec,et al. (1989). Proceedings of the 16th European Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics, Venice, Italy.

  22. R. W. Harvey, M. R. O'Brien, M. G. McCoy, and G. D. Kerbel (1989). ECE spectra calculated from ECRF heated distributions obtained with a 3D Fokker Planck code, General Atomics Report GA-A19667.

  23. J. Lohr, B. W. Stallard, R. Prater,et al. (1988).Phys. Rev. Lett,60, 2630.

    Google Scholar 

  24. K. Hoshino, T. Yamamoto, N. Suzuki,et al. (1988).Nucl. Fusion,28, 301.

    Google Scholar 

  25. K. Hoshino, T. Yamamoto, H. Kawashima,et al. (1988).Phys. Lett.,130, 26.

    Google Scholar 

  26. R. Prater, J. M. Lohr, T. Luce,et al. (1987).Proceedings of the 6th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating, Oxford, Culham Report CLM-ECR, p. 195.

  27. R. J. Groebner, P. Gohil, K. H. Burrell,et al. (1989). General Atomics Report GA-A19562, Proceedings of 16th European Conference on Controlled Fusion and Plasma Physics, Venice, Italy.

  28. K. Hoshino, T. Yamamoto, H. Kawashima,et al. (1989). Observation of H-mode by edge heating solely by electron cyclotron heating in a divertor configuration of JFT-2M tokamak. Japanese Atomic Energy Research Institute Report JAERI-M 89-038, March 1989.

  29. V. V. Alikaev,et al. (1984).Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, London, England, Part I, p. 419.

  30. H. P. L. deEsch, J. A. Hoekzema, W. J. Schrader,et al. (1986).Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research, Kyoto, Japan, F-III-4.

  31. W. J. Goedheer and E. Westerhof (1988).Nucl. Fusion,28, 565.

    Google Scholar 

  32. R. T. Snider, D. Content, R. James,et al. (1989).Phys. Fluids B,1, 404.

    Google Scholar 

  33. W. Park, D. A. Monticello, and T. K. Chu (1987).Phys. Fluids,30, 285.

    Google Scholar 

  34. E. Westerhof and W. J. Goedheer (1986). InControlled fusion and plasma heating, April 14–18, Schliersee, European Physical Society, I, p. 132.

  35. B. Lloyd and T. Edlington, (1986).Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion,28, 909.

    Google Scholar 

  36. B. Lloyd, T. Edlington, and M. W. Alcock,et al. (1986). InControlled Fusion and Plasma Heating, April 14–18, Schliersee, European Physical Society.

  37. B. Lloyd, T. Edlington, M. R. O'Brien,et al. (1988).Nucl. Fusion,28, 1013.

    Google Scholar 

  38. E. Mazzucato, P. Efthimion, and I. Fidone (1985).Nucl. Fusion,25, 1681.

    Google Scholar 

  39. A. Ando,et al. (1986).Nucl. Fusion,26, 107.

    Google Scholar 

  40. A. C. Riviere, R. Barnsley, T. Edlington,et al. (1987).Proceedings of the 6th Joint Workshop on Electron Cyclotron Emission and Electron Cyclotron Resonance Heating, Oxford, Culham Report CLM-ECR, p. 237.

  41. T. Yamamoto, K. Hoshino, H. Kawashima,et al. (1987).Phys. Rev. Lett.,58, 2220.

    Google Scholar 

  42. H. Tanaka, A. Ando, K. Ogura,et al. (1988).Phys. Rev. Lett.,60, 1033.

    Google Scholar 

  43. R. W. Harvey, M. G. McCoy, and G. D. Kerbel (1989).Phys. Rev. Lett.,62, 426.

    Google Scholar 

  44. B. W. Stallard, G. R. Smith, R. A. James,et al. (1987).Applications of Radio-Frequency Power to Plasmas: Seventh Topical Conference, Kissimmee, FL, 1987 (American Institute of Physics, New York), p. 21.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. General Atomics, 92138, San Diego, California

    R. Prater

Authors
  1. R. Prater
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Additional information

Work supported by U.S. Department of Energy Contract No. DEAC03-89ER51114.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Prater, R. Recent results on the application of electron cyclotron heating to tokamaks. J Fusion Energ 9, 19–30 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01057320

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01057320

Keywords

Search

Navigation