Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Electrolytic equipment for reductions in liquid ammonia

  • Papers
  • Published:
Journal of Applied Electrochemistry Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

We have developed static and circulating electrolytic equipment for liquid ammonia (or low molecular weight amines) to perform reductions of compounds bearing at least one reducible group. The equipment contains undivided electrochemical cells including consumable magnesium anodes. Birch and Bouveault-Blanc reductions are performed with substrate weight percents up to 10%. A circulating electrolytic cell working at room temperature is described which may be adaptable to large scale production.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. J. Chaussard, J. C. Folest, J. Y. Nedelec, J. Perichon, S. Sibille and M. Troupel,Synthesis (1990) 369.

  2. J. Chaussard, C. Combellas and A. Thiébault, French Patent 86-12 746 (1986).

  3. A. J. Birch,J. Chem. Soc. (1944) 430.

  4. Idem, A. J. Birch,ibid. J. Chem. Soc. (1945) 593.

  5. R. G. Harvey,Synthesis (1970) 161.

  6. E. M. Kaiser,ibid. Synthesis (1972) 391.

  7. R. A. Benkeser and E. M. Kaiser,J. Am. Chem. Soc. 85 (1963) 2858.

    Google Scholar 

  8. R. A. Benkeser, E. M. Kaiser and R. F. Lambert,86 (1964) 5272.

    Google Scholar 

  9. H. W. Sternberg, R. Markby and I. Wender,J. Electrochem. Soc. 110 (1963) 425.

    Google Scholar 

  10. G. Blanc,Comptes Rendus Acad. Sci. 136 (1903) 1676.

    Google Scholar 

  11. G. Blanc,137 (1903) 60.

    Google Scholar 

  12. E. Chablay,Ann. Chim. 8 (1917) 145.

    Google Scholar 

  13. H. Smith, ‘Organic reactions in liquid ammonia’, Interscience, New York (1963).

    Google Scholar 

  14. A. J. Birch,Nature 158 (1946) 60.

    Google Scholar 

  15. R. K. Quinn and J. J. Lagowski,J. Phys. Chem. 72 (1968) 1374.

    Google Scholar 

  16. M. M. Baizer and H. Lund, ‘Organic Electrochemistry’, Marcel Dekker, New York (1983) p. 873.

    Google Scholar 

  17. C. D. Gutsche and H. H. Peter,Org. Synth. 37 (1957) 80.

    Google Scholar 

  18. J. F. Eastham and D. R. Larkin,J. Am. Chem. Soc. 81 (1959) 3652.

    Google Scholar 

  19. R. J. Warren, J. E. Zarembo, D. B. Staiger and A. Post,J. Pharm. Sci. 65 (1976) 739.

    Google Scholar 

  20. M. S. Kharasch, E. Sternfeld and F. R. Mayo,J. Org. Chem. 5 (1940) 362.

    Google Scholar 

  21. A. L. Wilds and N. A. Nelson,J. Am. Chem. Soc. 75 (1953) 5366.

    Google Scholar 

  22. E. Kariv-Miller, K. E. Swenson, G. K. Lehman and R. Andruzzi,J. Org. Chem. 50 (1985) 556.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire de Chimie et Electrochimie des Matériaux Moléculaires, ESPCI, 10, rue Vauquelin, 75231, Paris Cedex 05, France

    C. Combellas, H. Marzouk & A. Thiebault

Authors
  1. C. Combellas
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. H. Marzouk
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. A. Thiebault
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Combellas, C., Marzouk, H. & Thiebault, A. Electrolytic equipment for reductions in liquid ammonia. J Appl Electrochem 21, 267–275 (1991). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01052581

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Revised:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01052581

Keywords

Search

Navigation