Abstract
Antibodies against galactosyl-α1-3-galactose epitopes were characterized in normal and patient sera by radioimmunoassay binding to mouse laminin and oligosaccharide inhibition. Binding was strictly dependent on α-linked galactose in a terminal position. Reduced affinities were observed for digalactoses with α(1-2)-, α(1-6)- and α(1-4)-linkages and for the blood group B epitope, Galα1-3(Fucα1-2)Gal. Conformational models of various active and inactive oligosaccharides provided a clearer picture of the epitope requirements for the observed antibody specificity. Some antibody heterogeneity was detected by comparing individual sera and by hapten elution from a laminin adsorbent. New assays were developed with synthetic Galα1-3Gal-albumin conjugates and these were shown to be more sensitive than assays with mouse laminin. Two more ubiquitous human antibodies could be detected with Galα1-2Gal and Galα1-4Gal conjugates. They were distinct from Galα1-3Gal-specific antibodies as shown by carbohydrate inhibition. This demonstrates a considerable diversity in the recognition of α-linked galactose epitopes by natural antibodies.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Watkins WM (1972) In Glycoproteins. Their Composition, Structure and Function, Ed. Gottschalk A, Elsevier, Amsterdam, p 830–91.
Reading CL (1984) In The Biology of Glycoproteins, Ed Ivatt RJ, Plenum Press, New York, p 235–321.
Galili U, Rachmilewitz EA, Peleg A, Flechner I (1984) J Exp Med 160:1519–31.
Galili U, Macher BA, Buehler J, Shohet SB (1985) J Exp Med 162:573–82.
Galili U, Buehler J, Shohet SB, Macher BA (1987) J Exp Med 165:693–704.
Towbin H, Rosenfelder G, Wieslander J, Avila JL, Rojas M, Szarfman A, Esser K, Nowack H, Timpl R (1987) J Exp Med 166:419–32.
Galili U, Clark MR, Shohet SB, Buehler J, Macher BA (1987) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 84:1369–73.
Galili U, Clark MR, Shohet SB (1986) J Clin Invest 77:27–33.
Galili U, Basbaum CB, Shohet SB, Buehler J, Macher BA (1987) J Biol Chem 262:4683–88.
Betteridge A, Watkins WM (1983) Eur J Biochem 132:29–35.
Szarfman A, Terranova VP, Rennard SI, Foidart JM, De Fatima Lima M, Scheinman JI, Martin GR (1982) J Exp Med 155:1161–71.
Avila JL, Rojas M, Rieber M (1984) Infect Immun 43:402–6.
Avila JL, Rojas M, Velasques G, Rieber M (1987) Clin Exp Immunol 70:555–61.
Avila JL, Rojas M, Towbin H (1988) J Clin Microbiol 26:126–32.
Klein R, Timpl R, Zanetti FR, Plester D, Berg PA (1989) Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 98:537–42.
Timpl R, Rodhe H, Gehron-Robey P, Rennard SI, Foidart JM, Martin GR (1979) J Biol Chem 254:9933–37.
Kallin E, Lönn H, Norberg T (1986) Glycoconjugate J 3:311–19.
Zopf DA, Smith DF, Drzeniek Z, Tsai CM, Ginsburg V (1978) Methods Enzymol 50:171–75.
Timpl R (1982) Methods Enzymol 82:472–98.
Engvall E, Perlmann P (1972) J Immunol 109:129–35.
Bock K (1983) Pure Appl Chem 55:605–22.
Arumugham RG, Hsieh TC, Tanzer ML, Laine RA (1986) Biochim Biophys Acta 883:112–26.
Avila JL, Rojas M, Velasquez-Avila G, von der Mark H, Timpl R (1986) J Clin Microbiol 24:775–78.
Fujiwara S, Shinkai H, Deutzmann R, Paulsson M, Timpl R (1988) Biochem J 252:453–61.
Spiro RG, Bhoyroo VD (1984) J Biol Chem 259:9858–66.
Sela B-A, Wang JL, Edelman GM (1975) Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 72:1127–31.
Guilbert B, Dighiero G, Avrameas S (1982) J Immunol 128:2779–87.
Ferguson MAJ, Homans SW, Dwek RA, Rademacher TW (1988) Science 239:753–59.
Naiki M, Marcus DM (1974) Biochem Biophys Res Commun 60:1105–11.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Wieslander, J., Månsson, O., Kallin, E. et al. Specificity of human antibodies against galα1-3gal carbohydrate epitope and distinction from natural antibodies reacting with galα1-2gal or galα1-4 gal. Glycoconjugate J 7, 85–100 (1990). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01050405
Received:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01050405