Abstract
This paper gives sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions of twist type of a time-dependent differential equation of the second order. The concept of periodic solution of twist type is defined in terms of the corresponding Birkhoff normal form and, in particular, implies that the solution is Lyapunov stable. Some applications to nonlocal problems are given.
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Ortega, R. The twist coefficient of periodic solutions of a time-dependent Newton's equation. J Dyn Diff Equat 4, 651–665 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01048263
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01048263