Abstract
In vivo EMG biofeedback was found to be an effective pedagogical tool for removing unwanted left-hand tension in nine violin and viola players. Improvement occurred rapidly and persisted throughout a 5-month follow-up period. Further studies will be necessary to assess the effect of biofeedback independent of placebo effects. The brevity of the method and the magnitude of improvement warrant further investigation.
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The authors wish to thank Kathleen Welch, B.S.W., and Beryl Silkey, Sc. M., for their assistance with the project, and Jane Schmickle and Alice Woerpel for typing the manuscript.
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LeVine, W.R., Irvine, J.K. In vivo EMG biofeedback in violin and viola pedagogy. Biofeedback and Self-Regulation 9, 161–168 (1984). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00998831
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00998831