Skip to main content
Log in

Partial differential equations and finite-difference methods in image processing, part 1: Image representation

  • Contributed Papers
  • Published:
Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Stochastic representation of discrete images by partial differential equation operators is considered. It is shown that these representations can fit random images, with nonseparable, isotropic covariance functions, better than other common covariance models. Application of these models in image restoration, data compression, edge detection, image synthesis, etc., is possible.

Different representations based on classification of partial differential equations are considered. Examples on different images show the advantages of using these representations. The previously introduced notion of fast Karhunen-Loeve transform is extended to images with nonseparable or nearly isotropic covariance functions, or both.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Nahi, N. E., andAssefi, T.,Bayesian Recursive Image Enhancement, IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol. C-21, pp. 734–738, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Franks, L. E.,A Model for Random Video Processes, Bell Systems Technical Journal, Vol. 45, pp. 609–630, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Jain, A. K., andAngel, E.,Image Restoration, Modelling, and Reduction of Dimensionality, IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol. C-23, pp. 470–476, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Jain, A. K.,Image Coding via a Nearest Neighbors Image Model, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. COM-23, pp. 318–331, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Angel, E., andJain, A. K.,Filtering of Multidimensional Diffusion Processes, Sixth Asilomar Conference, Pacific Grove, Asilomar, California, 1972.

  6. Jain, A. K.,A Semicausal Model for Recursive Filtering of Two Dimensional Images, IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol. C-26, pp. 343–350, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Jain, A. K.,A Fast Karhunen-Loeve Transform for Recursive Filtering of Images Corrupted by White and Colored Noise, IEEE Transactions on Computers (to appear).

  8. Jain, A. K.,Computer Program for Fast Karhunen-Loeve Transform Algorithm, SUNY Buffalo, Department of Electrical Engineering, Final Report on NASA Contract No. NAS8-31434, 1976.

  9. Habibi, A.,Study of On-Board Compression of Earth Resources Data, TRW Systems Group, Redondo Beach, California, Final Report on NASA Contract No. NAS2-8394, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Davisson, L. D.,Rate Distortion Theory and Application, Proceedings of the IEEE, Vol. 60, pp. 800–808, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Garabedian, P. R.,Partial Differential Equations, John Wiley and Sons, New York, New York, 1964.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Woods, J. W.,Two Dimensional Discrete Markovian Fields, IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, Vol. IT-18, pp. 232–240, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Angel, E., andJain, A. K.,Initial-Value Transformations for Elliptic Boundary-Value Problems, Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications, Vol. 35, pp. 496–502, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Angel, E., Distefano, N., andJain, A. K.,Invariant Imbedding and Reduction of Boundary Value Problems of Thin Plate Theory to Cauchy Formulations, International Journal of Engineering Science, Vol. 9, pp. 933–945, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Angel, E., andJain, A. K.,Invariant Imbedding and Partial Differential Equations, Invariant Imbedding, Edited by R. Bellman and E. Denman, Springer-Verlag, New York, New York, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Angel, E., Jain, A. K., andKalaba, R.,Initial-Value Problems in Potential Theory, Journal of Optimization Theory and Applications, Vol. 11, pp. 274–283, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Distefano, N.,Nonlinear Processes in Engineering, Academic Press, New York, New York, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Angel, E., andBellman, R.,Dynamic Programming and Partial Differential Equations, Academic Press, New York, New York, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Jain, A. K.,A Fast Karhunen-Loeve Transform for a Class of Stochastic Processes, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. COM-24, pp. 1023–1029, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Ahmed, N., Natarajan, T., andRao, K. R.,Discrete Cosine Transform, IEEE Transactions on Computers, Vol. C-23, pp. 90–93, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Jain, A. K.,Multidimensional Methods in Computer Image Processing (book, to appear).

  22. Jain, A. K., Wang, S. H., andLiao, Y. Z.,Fast Karhunen Transform Data Compression Studies, National Telecommunications Conference, Dallas, Texas, 1976.

  23. Bellman, R.,Introduction to Matrix Analysis, McGraw-Hill Book Company, New York, New York, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Jain, A. K.,A Fast Karhunen-Loeve Transform for Finite Discrete Images, Proceedings of the National Electronics Conference, Chicago, Illinois, 1974.

  25. Jain, A. K., andJain, J. R.,Partial Differential Equations and Finite-Difference Methods in Image Processing, SUNY Buffalo, Department of Electrical Engineering, Technical Report No. AJ-76-003, 1976.

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Additional information

Communicated by G. Leitmann

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Jain, A.K. Partial differential equations and finite-difference methods in image processing, part 1: Image representation. J Optim Theory Appl 23, 65–91 (1977). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00932298

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00932298

Key Words

Navigation