Abstract
A total of 480 snails were collected from 3 habitats on the Mau Escarpment, Kenya, and were identified asBulinus tropicus. Of the 351 snails examined alive in London, 75 were infected withCalicophoron microbothrium, 39 withC. microbothrium andSchistosoma bovis, 1 withS. bovis. 24 with other species of trematodes and 212 were uninfected. Examination of digestive glands ofB. tropicus either uninfected or infected with bothC. microbothrium andS. bovis demonstrated that it is possible to differentiate between parasite and host enzyme activity using glucose phosphate isomerase. However, malate dehydrogenase enables a much clearer differentiation between the enzyme activity of the schistosome and that of the amphistome. Laboratory snail infection experiments demonstrated that it is possible successfully to infectB. tropicus withS. bovis if the snails have previously been exposed to miracidia ofC. microbothrium.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Brown DS (1980) Freshwater snails of Africa and their medical importance. Taylor and Francis Hd, London
Brown DS, Wright CA (1972) On a polyploid complex of freshwater snails (Planorbidae:Bulinus) in Ethiopia. J Zool 167:97–132
Brown DS, Oberholzer G, Van Eeden J (1971) TheBuiinus natalensis/tropicus complex (Basommatophora: Planorbidae) in South-Eastern Africa: II. Some biological observations, taxonomy and general discussion. Malacologia 11:171–198
Degremont AA (1973) Mangoky project. Campaign against schistosomiasis in the Lower-Mangoky (Madagascar). Swiss Tropical Institute, Basel
Eduardo SL (1982) The taxonomy of the family Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901 with special reference to the morphology of species occurring in ruminants: 1. General considerations. Syst Parasitol 4:7–57
Eduardo SL (1983) The taxonomy of the family Paramphistomidae Fischoeder, 1901 with special reference to the morphology of the species occurring in ruminants: III. Revision of the genusCalicophoron Näsmark, 1937. Syst Parasitol 5:25–79
Graber M, Daynes P (1974) Mollusques vecteurs de Trématodoses humaines et animales en Éthiopie. Rev Elev Med Vet Pays Trop 27:307–322
Howarth SE, Wilson JM, Ranaisvoson E, Crook SE, Denning AM, Hutchings MS (1988) Worms, wells and water in Western Madagascar. J Trop Med Hyg 91:255–264
Lie KJ, Heyneman D, Richards CS (1977) Studies on resistance in snails: interference by non-irradiated echinostome larvae with natural resistance toSchistosoma mansoni inBiomphalaria glabrata. J Invertebr Pathol 29:118–125
Lo CT, Lemma A (1975) Studies onSchistosoma bovis in Ethiopia. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 69:375–381
Loker ES, Moyo HG, Gardiner SL (1981) Trematode-gastropod associations in nine non-lacustrine habitats in the Mwanza region of Tanzania. Parasitology 83:381–400
Loker ES, Bayne CJ, Yui MA (1986)Echinostoma paraensei: hemocytes ofBiomphalaria glabrata as targets of echinostome-mediated interference with host snail resistance toSchistosoma mansoni. Exp Parasitol 62:149–154
Mandahl-Barth G (1957) Intermediate hosts ofSchistosoma: 2. AfricanBiomphalaria andBulinus. Bull WHO 17:1–35
Mandahl-Barth G (1965) The species ofBulinus, intermediate hosts ofSchistosoma. Bull WHO 33:33–44
Moravec F, Barus V, Rysavy B, Yousif F (1974) Antagonism ofEchinoparyphium recurvatum againstSchistosoma haematobium in the snailBulinus truncatus. Folia Parasitol 21:127–141
Oberholzer G, Brown DS, Van Eeden JA (1970) Taxonomic characters of the radula in theBulinus natalensis/tropicus complex. Wet Bydraes Potchefstroomse Univ B 10:1–61
Ouma JH, Waithaka FT (1984)Bulinus tropicus (Krauss, 1848) from Kenya found naturally infected withSchistosoma bovis. Ann Trop Med Parasitol 78:341–342
Ross GC (1976) Isoenzymes inSchistosoma spp: LDH, MDH and acid phosphatases separated by isoelectric forusing in polyacrylamide gel. Comp Biochem Physiol [B] 55:343–346
Southgate VR, Rollinson D, Ross GC, Knowles RJ (1980) OnSchistosoma leiperi Le Roux, 1955: scanning electron microscopy of adult worms, compatibility with species ofBulinus, development inMesocricetus auratus, and isoenzymes. Z Parasitenkd 66:63–81
Southgate VR, Brown DS, Rollinson D, Ross GC, Knowles RJ (1985)Bulinus tropicus from Central Kenya acting as a host forSchistosoma bovis. Z Parasitenkd 71:61–69
Walker JC (1979)Austrobilharzia terrigalensis: a schistosome dominant in interspecific interactions in the molluscan host Int J Parasitol 9:137–140
Wright CA, Rollinson D (1979) Analysis of enzymes in theBulinus africanus group (Mollusca: Planorbidae) by isoelectric focusing. J Nat Hist 13:263–273
Wright CA, Rollinson D (1981) Analysis of enzymes in theBulinus tropicus/truncatus complex (Mollusca: Planorbidae). J Nat Hist 15:873–885
Wright CA, Rollinson D, Goll PA (1979) Parasites inBulinus senegalensis (Mollusca: Planorbidae) and their detection. Parasitology 79:95–105
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Southgate, V.R., Brown, D.S., Warlow, A. et al. The influence ofCalicophoron microbothrium on the susceptibility ofBulinus tropicus toSchistosoma bovis . Parasitol Res 75, 381–391 (1989). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00931134
Accepted:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00931134