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NAD hydrolysis: Chemical and enzymatic mechanisms

  • Part VII Cyclic ADP-ribose, NAD Hydrologis and ADP-ribose Synthesis
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Abstract

The pyridine nucleotide have important non-redox activities as cellular effectors and metabolic regulators [1–3]. The enzyme-catalyzed cleavage of the nicotinamide-ribosyl bond of NAD+ and the attendant delivery of the ADPRibosyl moiety to acceptors is central to these many diverse biological activities. Included are the medically important NAD-dependent toxins associated with cholera, diphtheria, pertussis, and related disease [4]; the reversible ADPRibosylation-mediated biological regulatory systems [5,6]; the synthesis of poly (ADPRibose) in response to DNA damage or cellular, division [7]; and the synthesis of cyclic ADPRibose as part of an independent, calcium-mediated regulatory system[8]. As will be presented in this chapter, all evidence points to both the chemical and enzyme-catalyzed cleavage of the nicotinamide-ribosyl bond being dissociative in character via an oxocarbenium intermediate.

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  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry S-926, University of California, 94143-0446, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Norman J. Oppenheimer

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Oppenheimer, N.J. NAD hydrolysis: Chemical and enzymatic mechanisms. Mol Cell Biochem 138, 245–251 (1994). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00928468

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