Abstract
Children reported to be hyperactive in school and with behavior difficulties at home were randomly assigned to methylphenidate, behavior therapy and placebo, or behavior therapy with methylphenidate for an 8-week period. Rating scales were obtained from teachers and parents. Independent blind observers rated childrens' classroom behavior on a weekly basis. A behavior therapy program was implemented in the home and at school. Methylphenidate dosage was individualized. Ratings of behavior deviance were significantly reduced by all treatments. However, a significant advantage for the groups receiving methylphenidate was found over the group receiving behavior therapy and placebo. No significant differences between methylphenidate alone and methylphenidate combined with behavior therapy were obtained. Global ratings of improvement done by teachers favored the combined treatment of behavior therapy and methylphenidate over behavior therapy and placebo. No differences among treatments were found in the mothers' global ratings of improvement. The results indicate that though all three treatments were effective, methylphenidate was significantly superior to behavior therapy alone.
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Reference notes
Abikoff, H., Gittelman-Klein, R., & Klein, D. F. Validation of a classroom observation code for hyperactive children. Manuscript, submitted for publication, 1976.
Gittelman-Klein, R. A preliminary report of the efficacy of methylphenidate and behavior therapy in hyperactive children. Paper presented at the Annual Meeting of The American College of Neuropsychopharmacology, San Juan, Puerto Rico, December 1975.
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This study was supported in part by grant MH 18579, and by grant No. 3-621 from the Long Island Jewish-Hillside Medical Center. The authors wish to thank the behavior therapists, Drs. Jeffrey Felixbrod and Marion Pheterson, as well as Ms. Patricia Ramsey, who was responsible for data analysis.
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Gittelman-Klein, R., Klein, D.F., Abikoff, H. et al. Relative efficacy of methylphenidate and behavior modification in hyperkinetic children: An interim report. J Abnorm Child Psychol 4, 361–379 (1976). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00922533
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00922533