Abstract
We reduce the functional integral of quantum electrodynamics to an integral containing only local gauge invariant quantities. The set of (bosonic) invariants contains bilinear combinations of the spinor field and a real-valued covector field.
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Kijowski, J., Rudolph, G. & Rudolph, M. Functional integral of QED in terms of gauge-invariant quantities. Lett Math Phys 33, 139–146 (1995). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00739802
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00739802