Abstract
The design, construction, and performance of a Cu nuclear refrigerator are reported. The first nuclear stage (total 275 moles Cu with 104 moles Cu in 8 T) has refrigerated a195Pt NMR thermometer in the low-field experimental region to 15 µK; it can keep experiments below 20 µK for more than 1 week. It can alternatively precool a second nuclear stage (2 moles Cu in 9 T). Demagnetizing this stage has resulted in a temperature of at most 12 µK as measured by another195Pt NMR thermometer attached to the stage. The details of the thermometry are described and possible origins of the observed internal heat leaks as well as unexpected contributions to the specific heat of the nuclear stages are discussed.
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Gloos, K., Smeibidl, P., Kennedy, C. et al. The Bayreuth nuclear demagnetization refrigerator. J Low Temp Phys 73, 101–136 (1988). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00681746
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00681746