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The formation of aluminum oxide scales on high-temperature alloys

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Abstract

This paper is a brief review of the extensive literature relating to the formation of protective α—Al2O3 scales on alloys at high temperature. Emphasis is placed on the proposed mechanisms of scale growth based on observations of scale morphologies and microstructures, inert-marker experiments and the distribution of oxygen isotope tracers within thermally-grown oxides. Attention is also given to the determination of ionic-transport mechanisms by electrochemical methods and to the effects of reactive elements such as yttrium in modifying ionic-diffusion processes.

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Prescott, R., Graham, M.J. The formation of aluminum oxide scales on high-temperature alloys. Oxid Met 38, 233–254 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00666913

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