Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Supermolecular structures and flow birefringence in polymer solutions

  • Original Contribution
  • Published:
Colloid and Polymer Science Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Experimental studies of supermolecular structures and localized flow birefringence in solutions of high-molecular weight polymer are described. Advantage is taken of poly(ethylene oxide) and polyisobutylene. Supermolecular structures are examined with the aid of optical microscopy using freeze-dried samples of the polymer solutions. Birefringence is investigated that arises in planar elongational flow in a cross-slot cell. Flow velocities at which the onset of the localized birefringence occurs are determined. Then these velocities are correlated with viscoelastic characteristics of the solutions. The presence of a liquid-crystalline fibrillar network in the polymer solutions exhibiting flow birefringence is ascertained. The fibrils are birefringent objects. The fibrils are birefringent objects. The localized birefringence phenomenon is explained in term of the orientation of the fibrils in elongational flow. It has been shown that the onset of localized birefringence occurs at a critical Weissenberg number, the value of which is close to unity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Tsvetkov VN, Eskin VW, Frenkel SY (1964) Structure of Macromolecules in Solutions. Nauka, Moscow [(1971) Vol 3. National Lending Library for Science and Technology, Washington]

    Google Scholar 

  2. Frank FC, Keller A, Mackley MR (1971) Polymer 12:467–473

    Google Scholar 

  3. Frank FC, Mackley MR (1976) J Polym Sci Polym Phys Ed 14:1121–1131

    Google Scholar 

  4. Cressely R, Hocquart R, Scrivener O (1976) Optica Acta 26:1173–1181

    Google Scholar 

  5. Crowley DG, Frank FC, Macley MR, Stephenson RG (1976) J Polym Sci Polym Phys Ed 14:1111–1119

    Google Scholar 

  6. Berry MV, Mackley MR (1977) Philos Trans R Soc London A 287:1–16

    Google Scholar 

  7. Scrivener O, Berner C, Cressely R, Hocquart R, Sellin R, Vlachos NS (1979) J Non-Newton Fluid Mech 5:475–495

    Google Scholar 

  8. Cressely R, Hocquart R (1980) Optica Acta 27:699–711

    Google Scholar 

  9. Pope DP, Keller A (1978) Colloid Polym Sci 256:751–756

    Google Scholar 

  10. Mackley MR, Keller A (1975) Philos Trans R Soc London A 278:29–66

    Google Scholar 

  11. Fuller GG, Leal LG (1981) J Polym Sci Polym Phys Ed 19:557–587

    Google Scholar 

  12. Torza S (1975) J Polym Sci Polym Phys Ed 13:43–57

    Google Scholar 

  13. Carpenter DK, Santiago G, Hunt AH (1974) J Polym Sci Polym Symp 44:75–82

    Google Scholar 

  14. Barenblatt GI, Bulina IG, Zel'dovich YaB, Kalashnikov VN, Sholomovich GI (1965) Zh Prikl Mekh Tech Fiz 5: 147–148 [(1965) J Appl Mech Tech Phys 5:103–104]

    Google Scholar 

  15. Barenblatt GI, Kalashnikov VN (1968) Izv Akad Nauk SSSR Mekh Zhidk Gaza 3:68–73

    Google Scholar 

  16. Dunlope EH, Cox LR (1977) Phys Fluids 20(2):S203-S215

    Google Scholar 

  17. Berman NS (1980) Polym Eng Sci 20: 451–455

    Google Scholar 

  18. Keller A, Müller AJ, Odell JA (1987) Progr Colloid Polym Sci 75:179–200

    Google Scholar 

  19. Kalashnikov VN, Askarov AN (1989) Inzh-Fiz Zh 57:198–203 [(1989) J Eng Phys 57:874–878]

    Google Scholar 

  20. Kalashnikov VN (1994) J Rheol 38: 1385–1403

    Google Scholar 

  21. Hambraeus G, Ránby B (1945) Nature 155:200–201

    Google Scholar 

  22. Kargin VA, Bakeev NF (1957) Kolloid Zh 19:133–137

    Google Scholar 

  23. Richardson MJ (1964) Proc R Soc London A 279:50–61

    Google Scholar 

  24. Audsley A, Fursey A (1965) Nature 208:753–754

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ouibrahim A (1978) Phys Fluids 21:4–8

    Google Scholar 

  26. James DF, Saringer JH (1980) J Fluid Mech 97:665–671

    Google Scholar 

  27. Miyamoto H, Ando T (1989) Jpn Soc Mech Eng B 55:3391–3396

    Google Scholar 

  28. Kalashnikov VN, Tsiklauri MG (1990) Inzh-Fiz Zh 58:49–55 [(1990) J Eng Physics 58:40–45]

    Google Scholar 

  29. Astarita G, Marrucci G (1974) Principles of Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics. McGraw Hill, London

    Google Scholar 

  30. Kalashnikov VN, Askarov AN (1987) Inzh-Fiz Zh 53:573–579 [(1987) J Eng Physics 53:1140–1144]

    Google Scholar 

  31. Kalashnikov VN (1987) In: Struminski VV (ed) Problems in Turbulent Flows. Nauka, Moscow, pp 163–171 [(1988) Fluid Mech — Soviet Research 17:80–92]

    Google Scholar 

  32. Kalashnikov VN, Tsiklauri MG (1993) J Non-Newton Fluid Mech 48:215–223

    Google Scholar 

  33. Giordano R, Mallamace F, Micali N, Wanderlingh F, Baldini G, Doglia S, (1983) Phys Rev A 28:3581–3588

    Google Scholar 

  34. Scriven LE (1977) In: Mittal KL (ed) Micellization, Solubilization, and Microemulsion. Vol 2 Plenum Press. New York and London, pp 877–894

    Google Scholar 

  35. Wolosewick JJ, Porter KR (1979) J Cell Biology 82:114–139; Porter KR, Tucker JB (1981) Sci Amer 244:57–67

    Google Scholar 

  36. Lyazid A, Scrivener O, Teigen R (1980) In: Astarita G, Marrucci G (eds.) Rheology. Vol 2. Plenum Press, New York, pp 141–148

    Google Scholar 

  37. Gardner K, Pike ER, Miles MY, Keller A, Tanaka K (1982) Polymer 23: 1435–1442

    Google Scholar 

  38. Pennings AJ, Kiel AM (1965) Kolloid-Z Z Polym 205:160–162

    Google Scholar 

  39. Giesekus H (1969) Rheol Acta 8: 411–421

    Google Scholar 

  40. Pelzbauer Z, St John Manley R (1970) J Macromol Sci Phys B 4:761–774

    Google Scholar 

  41. Zwijnenburg A, Pennings AJ (1975) Colloid Polym Sci 253:452–461; (1976) 254:868–881

    Google Scholar 

  42. Metzner AB, Cohen Y, Rangel-Nafaile C (1979) J Non-Newton Fluid Mech 5: 449–462

    Google Scholar 

  43. James DF, Saringer JH (1982) J Non-Newton Fluid Mech 11:317–339

    Google Scholar 

  44. Rangel-Nafaile CA, Metzner AB, Wissbrun KF (1984) Macromolecules 17: 1187–1195

    Google Scholar 

  45. Ferguson J, Hudson NE, Warren BCH (1987) J Non-Newton Fluid Mech 23: 49–72

    Google Scholar 

  46. McHugh AJ, Spevacek JA (1991) J Polym Sci B 29:969–979

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Problems in Mechanics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospect Vernadskogo 101, 117 526, Moscow, Russia

    V. N. Kalashnikov & M. G. Tsiklauri

Authors
  1. V. N. Kalashnikov
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. M. G. Tsiklauri
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Kalashnikov, V.N., Tsiklauri, M.G. Supermolecular structures and flow birefringence in polymer solutions. Colloid Polym Sci 274, 1119–1128 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00655682

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00655682

Key words

Search

Navigation