Influence of cold exposure on blood lactate response during incremental exercise

Summary

This study examined the effect of acute exposure of the whole body to cold on blood lactate response during incremental exercise. Eight subjects were tested with a cycle ergometer in a climatic chamber, room temperature being controlled either at 24° C (MT) or at −2° C (CT). The protocol consisted of a step increment in exercise intensity of 30 W every 2 min until exhaustion. Oxygen consumption ($\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$) was measured at rest and during the last minute of each exercise intensity. Blood samples were collected at rest and at exhaustion for estimations of plasma norepinephrine (NE), epinephrine (E), free fatty acid (FFA) and glucose concentrations, during the last 15 s of each exercise step and also during the 1^st, 4^th, 7^th, and the 10^th min following exercise for the determination of blood lactate (LA) concentration. The$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$, was higher during CT than during MT at rest and during nearly every exercise intensity. At CT, lactate anaerobic threshold (LAT), determined from a marked increase of LA above resting level, increased significantly by 49% expressed as absolute$\dot V_{{\text{O}}_{\text{2}} }$, and 27% expressed as exercise intensity as compared with MT. The LA tended to be higher for light exercise intensities and lower for heavy exercise intensities during CT than during MT. The E and NE concentrations increased during exercise, regardless of ambient temperature. Furthermore, at rest and at exhaustion E concentrations did not differ between both conditions, while NE concentrations were greater during CT than during MT. Moreover, an increase of FFA was found only during CT. The difference in FFA level suggests that alterations in fat metabolism, possibly initiated by an enhanced secretion of NE, may have contributed to a decrease in lactate production.